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  <meta name="author" content="Steffen"/>
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  <meta name="date" content="1999-10-5"/>
  <meta name="keywords" content="Grenzwertsatz, Grenzwertsätze, Nullfolge, konvergent, divergent"/>
  <title>mathproject >> 5.6. Rechenregeln für konvergente Folgen</title>
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<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline">
&#160;+++++&nbsp;

<table class="main"><tr><td class="main">

<p><u><b>Definition:</b></u> &#160;</p>

<table><tr><td class="def">
 <div>
 
 </div></td><td class="num" width="80px">
<span class="num"><a name="1">[7.3.1]</a></span></td></tr></table>

<p class="beweis"><i>Beweis</i>: &#160;<br/>
</p>
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<h1>5.6. <i>Rechenregeln für konvergente Folgen</i></h1>
<hr noshade="noshade" size="1" style="margin-bottom:20px" />

<p>Einerseits teilt der Konvergenzbegriff alle Folgen in zwei Sorten auf: die konvergenten und die nicht konvergenten. 
Andererseits hat die Menge aller Folgen eine algebraische Struktur: man kann Folgen addieren, multiplizieren usw. 
In dieser Situation drängt sich die Frage auf, ob die konvergenten Folgen beim Rechnen unter sich bleiben oder nicht. Die positive Antwort wird in den sogenannten <i>Grenzwertsätzen</i> genauer ausgeführt. 
Mit ihnen läßt sich das Konvergenzverhalten vieler, auch kompliziert aussehender Folgen leicht beurteilen. Außerdem, und das ist ein nicht zu unterschätzender Vorteil, ist es nicht nötig den Grenzwert einer konvergenten Folge bereits <i>vorher</i> zu kennen.
</p>
<table class="main"><tr><td class="main">

<p><u><b>Satz</b> (<i>Grenzwertsätze</i>)<b>:</b></u> &#160;Sind <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><msub>
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</semantics></math> und <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><msub>
    <mi>b</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
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   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo>
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 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiikaiaadkgadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccaGGPaaaaa@3952@</annotation>
</semantics></math> konvergente Folgen, so konvergieren auch <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
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   <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><msub>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
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   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo><mo>+</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><msub>
    <mi>b</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo>
   <mtext>,</mtext>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiikaiaadggadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccaGGPaGaey4kaSIaaiikaiaadkgadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccaGGPaaaaa@3D9C@</annotation>
</semantics></math>&#160; <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
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   <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><msub>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><msub>
    <mi>b</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
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   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
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</semantics></math> und <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
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   <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><msub>
    <mi>a</mi>
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   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo><mo>&#x22C5;</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><msub>
    <mi>b</mi>
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   <mtext>.</mtext>
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 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiikaiaadggadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccaGGPaGaeyyXICTaaiikaiaadkgadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccaGGPaaaaa@3F04@</annotation>
</semantics></math> Die Konvergenz von <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
<mstyle displaystyle='true'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mfrac>
    <mrow>
     <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><msub>
      <mi>a</mi>
      <mi>n</mi>
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     <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo>
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
     <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><msub>
      <mi>b</mi>
      <mi>n</mi>
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     <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo>
    </mrow>
   </mfrac>
   
  </mrow>
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</math> ist an das Verhalten des Nennerlimes gebunden.</p>
<p>Genauer gelten die folgenden vier Aussagen:</p>
<table><tr height="40px">
<td style="width:20pt" valign="baseline">
<ol style="margin-bottom: 0">
<li>
</li>
</ol>
</td>
<td valign="baseline">
<p><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo>&#x2192;</mo><mi>a</mi><mo rspace='0.8em' lspace='0.8em'>&#x2227;</mo><msub>
    <mi>b</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo>&#x2192;</mo><mi>b</mi><mo rspace='0.8em' lspace='0.8em'>&#x21D2;</mo><msub>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo>+</mo><msub>
    <mi>b</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
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   <mo>&#x2192;</mo><mi>a</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>b</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
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</semantics></math>
</p>
</td>
<td class="num" width="80px" valign="baseline">
<span class="num"><a name="1">[5.6.1]</a></span></td>
</tr>
<tr height="40px">
<td style="width:20pt" valign="baseline">
<ol style="margin-bottom: 0" start="2">
<li>
</li>
</ol>
</td>
<td valign="baseline">
<p><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo>&#x2192;</mo><mi>a</mi><mo rspace='0.8em' lspace='0.8em'>&#x2227;</mo><msub>
    <mi>b</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo>&#x2192;</mo><mi>b</mi><mo rspace='0.8em' lspace='0.8em'>&#x21D2;</mo><msub>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo>&#x2212;</mo><msub>
    <mi>b</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo>&#x2192;</mo><mi>a</mi><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>b</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamyyamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabgkziUkaadggacqGHNis2caWGIbWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaOGaeyOKH4QaamOyaiabgkDiElaadggadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccqGHsislcaWGIbWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaOGaeyOKH4QaamyyaiabgkHiTiaadkgaaaa@4D6D@</annotation>
</semantics></math>
</p>
</td>
<td class="num" width="80px" valign="baseline">
<span class="num"><a name="2">[5.6.2]</a></span></td>
</tr>
<tr height="40px">
<td style="width:20pt" valign="baseline">
<ol style="margin-bottom: 0" start="3">
<li>
</li>
</ol>
</td>
<td valign="baseline">
<p><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo>&#x2192;</mo><mi>a</mi><mo rspace='0.8em' lspace='0.8em'>&#x2227;</mo><msub>
    <mi>b</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo>&#x2192;</mo><mi>b</mi><mo rspace='0.8em' lspace='0.8em'>&#x21D2;</mo><msub>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo>&#x22C5;</mo><msub>
    <mi>b</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo>&#x2192;</mo><mi>a</mi><mo>&#x22C5;</mo><mi>b</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamyyamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabgkziUkaadggacqGHNis2caWGIbWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaOGaeyOKH4QaamOyaiabgkDiElaadggadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccqGHflY1caWGIbWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaOGaeyOKH4QaamyyaiabgwSixlaadkgaaaa@5027@</annotation>
</semantics></math>
</p>
</td>
<td class="num" width="80px">
<span class="num"><a name="3">[5.6.3]</a></span></td>
</tr>
<tr height="40px">
<td style="width:20pt" valign="baseline">
<ol style="margin-bottom: 0" start="4">
<li>
</li>
</ol>
</td>
<td valign="baseline">
<p><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
<mstyle displaystyle='true'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo>&#x2192;</mo><mi>a</mi><mo rspace='0.8em' lspace='0.8em'>&#x2227;</mo><msub>
    <mi>b</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo>&#x2192;</mo><mi>b</mi><mo rspace='0.8em' lspace='0.8em'>&#x21D2;</mo><mfrac>
    <mrow>
     <msub>
      <mi>a</mi>
      <mi>n</mi>
     </msub>
     
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
     <msub>
      <mi>b</mi>
      <mi>n</mi>
     </msub>
     
    </mrow>
   </mfrac>
   <mo>&#x2192;</mo><mfrac>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </mfrac>
   
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamyyamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabgkziUkaadggacqGHNis2caWGIbWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaOGaeyOKH4QaamOyaiabgkDiEpaalaaabaGaamyyamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaaaOqaaiaadkgadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaaaaOGaeyOKH46aaSaaaeaacaWGHbaabaGaamOyaaaaaaa@4BB3@</annotation>
</semantics>
</mstyle>
</math>
,&#160; falls <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>b</mi><mo>&#x2260;</mo><mn>0</mn>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOyaiabgcMi5kaaicdaaaa@3951@</annotation>
</semantics></math>
</p>
</td>
<td class="num" width="80px" valign="baseline">
<span class="num"><a name="4">[5.6.4]</a></span></td>
</tr>
</table>

<p>Den umfangreichen <a name="beweis" style="text-decoration:none" href="beweisGWS.xml"><i>Beweis</i></a> notieren wir auf einer eigenen Seite.
</p>
</td></tr></table>

<p><span class="num" style="color:black"><tt>Beachte:</tt></span></p>

<ul>
  <li><p>In <a class="ref" href="#4">[5.6.4]</a> sorgt die Bedingung <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>b</mi><mo>&#x2260;</mo><mn>0</mn>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOyaiabgcMi5kaaicdaaaa@3951@</annotation>
</semantics></math> auch dafür, dass der Quotient wieder eine Folge (zumindest des erweiterten Typs <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mrow>
     <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><msub>
      <mi>a</mi>
      <mi>n</mi>
     </msub>
     <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo>
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
     <mi>n</mi><mo>&#x2265;</mo><mi>k</mi>
    </mrow>
   </msub>
   
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiikaiaadggadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccaGGPaWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHLjYScaWGRbaabeaaaaa@3D26@</annotation>
</semantics></math>&#160;) ist. Denn nach <a class="ref" href="5_5.xml#4" target="_blank">[5.5.4]</a> gibt es ein <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>k</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><msup>
    <mi>&#x2115;</mi>
    <mo>&#x2217;</mo>
   </msup>
   
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4AaiabgIGiolablwriLoaaCaaaleqabaGaey4fIOcaaaaa@3A65@</annotation>
</semantics></math>, so dass <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>b</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo>&#x2260;</mo><mn>0</mn><mtext>&#160; für alle &#160;</mtext><mi>n</mi><mo>&#x2265;</mo><mi>k</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOyamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabgcMi5kaaicdacaqGMbGaaei=aiaabkhacaqGGaGaaeyyaiaabYgacaqGSbGaaeyzaiaad6gacqGHLjYScaWGRbaaaa@454D@</annotation>
</semantics></math>.
</p>
  </li>
  <li><p>Der vierte Grenzwertsatz <a class="ref" href="#4">[5.6.4]</a> ist im Fall <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>b</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOyaiabg2da9iaaicdaaaa@3810@</annotation>
</semantics></math> nicht einsetzbar. Wie die Beispiele <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
<mstyle displaystyle='true'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mfrac>
    <mrow>
     <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><mfrac>
      <mn>1</mn>
      <mrow>
       <msup>
        <mi>n</mi>
        <mn>2</mn>
       </msup>
       
      </mrow>
     </mfrac>
     <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo>
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
     <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><mfrac>
      <mn>1</mn>
      <mi>n</mi>
     </mfrac>
     <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo>
    </mrow>
   </mfrac>
   <mo>=</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><mfrac>
    <mn>1</mn>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </mfrac>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaaSaaaeaacaGGOaWaaSaaaeaacaaIXaaabaGaamOBamaaCaaaleqabaGaaGOmaaaaaaGccaGGPaaabaGaaiikamaalaaabaGaaGymaaqaaiaad6gaaaGaaiykaaaacqGH9aqpcaGGOaWaaSaaaeaacaaIXaaabaGaamOBaaaacaGGPaaaaa@4137@</annotation>
</semantics>
</mstyle>
</math>&#160; und&#160; <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
<mstyle displaystyle='true'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mfrac>
    <mrow>
     <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><mfrac>
      <mn>1</mn>
      <mi>n</mi>
     </mfrac>
     <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo>
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
     <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><mfrac>
      <mn>1</mn>
      <mrow>
       <msup>
        <mi>n</mi>
        <mn>2</mn>
       </msup>
       
      </mrow>
     </mfrac>
     <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo>
    </mrow>
   </mfrac>
   <mo>=</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaaSaaaeaacaGGOaWaaSaaaeaacaaIXaaabaGaamOBaaaacaGGPaaabaGaaiikamaalaaabaGaaGymaaqaaiaad6gadaahaaWcbeqaaiaaikdaaaaaaOGaaiykaaaacqGH9aqpcaGGOaGaamOBaiaacMcaaaa@406C@</annotation>
</semantics>
</mstyle>
</math> zeigen kann der Quotient sowohl konvergent, wie auch divergent sein.</p>
  </li>
  <li>
  <p>Da konstante Folgen stets konvergent sind, steht uns der folgende Spezialfall von <a class="ref" href="#3">[5.6.3]</a> zur Verfügung:</p>
  <table><tr><td class="def" width="312px">
  <p style="margin-left:20px">
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo>&#x2192;</mo><mi>a</mi><mo rspace='0.8em' lspace='0.8em'>&#x21D2;</mo><mi>c</mi><mo>&#x22C5;</mo><msub>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo>&#x2192;</mo><mi>c</mi><mo>&#x22C5;</mo><mi>a</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamyyamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabgkziUkaadggacqGHshI3caWGJbGaeyyXICTaamyyamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabgkziUkaadogacqGHflY1caWGHbaaaa@486E@</annotation>
</semantics></math>
</p>
</td><td class="num" width="80px">
<span class="num"><a name="5">[5.6.5]</a></span></td></tr></table>
  <br/>&#160;
  </li>
</ul>
<p>Mit einer weiteren Anwendung des dritten Grenzwertsatzes füllen wir unseren Grundstock an konvergenten und divergenten Folgen auf.</p>
<table class="main"><tr><td class="main">

<p><u><b>Bemerkung:</b></u> &#160;Für alle <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>k</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><msup>
    <mi>&#x2115;</mi>
    <mo>&#x2217;</mo>
   </msup>
   
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4AaiabgIGiolablwriLoaaCaaaleqabaGaey4fIOcaaaaa@3AE5@</annotation>
</semantics></math> und&#160; <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>c</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><mi>&#x211D;</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4yaiabgIGiolabl2riHcaa@39C5@</annotation>
</semantics></math> gilt:</p>
<table><tr height="40px">
<td style="width:20pt" valign="baseline">
<ol style="margin-bottom: 0">
<li>
</li>
</ol>
</td>
<td valign="baseline">
<p><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
<mstyle displaystyle='true'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mfrac>
    <mi>c</mi>
    <mrow>
     <msup>
      <mi>n</mi>
      <mi>k</mi>
     </msup>
     
    </mrow>
   </mfrac>
   <mo>=</mo><mi>c</mi><mo>&#x22C5;</mo><msup>
    <mi>n</mi>
    <mrow>
     <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>k</mi>
    </mrow>
   </msup>
   <mo>&#x2192;</mo><mn>0</mn>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaaSaaaeaacaWGJbaabaGaamOBamaaCaaaleqabaGaam4AaaaaaaGccqGH9aqpcaWGJbGaeyyXICTaamOBamaaCaaaleqabaGaeyOeI0Iaam4AaaaakiabgkziUkaaicdaaaa@42E1@</annotation>
</semantics>
</mstyle>
</math>
</p>
</td>
<td class="num" width="80px" valign="baseline">
<span class="num"><a name="6">[5.6.6]</a></span></td>
</tr>
<tr height="40px">
<td style="width:20pt" valign="baseline">
<ol style="margin-bottom: 0" start="2">
<li>
</li>
</ol>
</td>
<td valign="baseline">
<p>Für&#160; <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>c</mi><mo>&#x2260;</mo><mn>0</mn>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4yaiabgcMi5kaaicdaaaa@3952@</annotation>
</semantics></math>&#160; ist&#160; <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo>&#x22C5;</mo><msup>
    <mi>n</mi>
    <mi>k</mi>
   </msup>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiikaiaadogacqGHflY1caWGUbWaaWbaaSqabeaacaWGRbaaaOGaaiykaaaa@3C8E@</annotation>
</semantics></math>
 divergent</p>
</td>
<td class="num" width="80px" valign="baseline">
<span class="num"><a name="7">[5.6.7]</a></span></td>
</tr>
</table>

<p class="beweis"><i>Beweis</i>: &#160;<br/>
<table style="cellpadding: 0; cellspacing: 0;"><tr><td valign="baseline">
<span>1. <font size="2">&#9658;</font>&#160;</span>
</td><td style="width:100%" valign="baseline">
<p>Da <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
<mstyle displaystyle='true'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mfrac>
    <mn>1</mn>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </mfrac>
   <mo>&#x2192;</mo><mn>0</mn>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaaSaaaeaacaaIXaaabaGaamOBaaaacqGHsgIRcaaIWaaaaa@3A4E@</annotation>
</semantics>
</mstyle>
</math> (siehe <a class="ref" href="5_4.xml#6" target="_blank">[5.4.6]</a>)
 folgt mit dem dritten Grenzwertsatz <a class="ref" href="#3">[5.6.3]</a><br/>&#160;
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
<mstyle displaystyle='true'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mfrac>
    <mn>1</mn>
    <mrow>
     <msup>
      <mi>n</mi>
      <mi>k</mi>
     </msup>
     
    </mrow>
   </mfrac>
   <mo>=</mo><munder>
    <munder>
     <mrow>
      <mfrac>
       <mn>1</mn>
       <mi>n</mi>
      </mfrac>
      <mo>&#x22C5;</mo><mo>&#x22EF;</mo><mo>&#x22C5;</mo><mfrac>
       <mn>1</mn>
       <mi>n</mi>
      </mfrac>
      
     </mrow>
     <mo stretchy='true'>&#xFE38;</mo>
    </munder>
    <mrow>
     <mi>k</mi><mtext>-mal</mtext>
    </mrow>
   </munder>
   <mo>&#x2192;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#x22C5;</mo><mo>&#x2026;</mo><mo>&#x22C5;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaaSaaaeaacaaIXaaabaGaamOBamaaCaaaleqabaGaam4AaaaaaaGccqGH9aqpdaagaaqaamaalaaabaGaaGymaaqaaiaad6gaaaGaeyyXICTaeS47IWKaeyyXIC9aaSaaaeaacaaIXaaabaGaamOBaaaaaSqaaiaadUgacaqGTaGaaeyBaiaabggacaqGSbaakiaawIJ=aiabgkziUkaaicdacqGHflY1cqWIMaYscqGHflY1caaIWaGaeyypa0JaaGimaaaa@550C@</annotation>
</semantics>
</mstyle>
</math>
</div>
<p>Dies ist nach <a class="ref" href="#5">[5.6.5]</a> die Behauptung.</p>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="baseline">
<span>2. <font size="2">&#9658;</font>&#160;</span>
</td><td style="width:100%" valign="baseline">
<p>Wir gehen indirekt vor und nehmen <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo>&#x22C5;</mo><msup>
    <mi>n</mi>
    <mi>k</mi>
   </msup>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiikaiaadogacqGHflY1caWGUbWaaWbaaSqabeaacaWGRbaaaOGaaiykaaaa@3C8E@</annotation>
</semantics></math> als konvergent an. Dann ist aber auch die Folge<br/>&#160;
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
<mstyle displaystyle='true'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo>&#x22C5;</mo><msup>
    <mi>n</mi>
    <mi>k</mi>
   </msup>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo><mo>&#x22C5;</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><mfrac>
    <mn>1</mn>
    <mi>c</mi>
   </mfrac>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo><mo>&#x22C5;</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><mfrac>
    <mn>1</mn>
    <mrow>
     <msup>
      <mi>n</mi>
      <mrow>
       <mi>k</mi><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>1</mn>
      </mrow>
     </msup>
     
    </mrow>
   </mfrac>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiikaiaad6gacaGGPaGaeyypa0JaaiikaiaadogacqGHflY1caWGUbWaaWbaaSqabeaacaWGRbaaaOGaaiykaiabgwSixlaacIcadaWcaaqaaiaaigdaaeaacaWGJbaaaiaacMcacqGHflY1caGGOaWaaSaaaeaacaaIXaaabaGaamOBamaaCaaaleqabaGaam4AaiabgkHiTiaaigdaaaaaaOGaaiykaaaa@4D66@</annotation>
</semantics>
</mstyle>
</math>
</div>
<p>konvergent. &#160;&#160;<span class="num">Widerspruch!</span></p>
</p>
</td></tr>
</table>
</p>
</td></tr></table>

<p>Mit den geraden gewonnen Beispielfolgen lassen sich alle Folgen eines bestimmten Typs sehr leicht auf Konvergenz untersuchen. Eine solche Folge ist etwa <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
<mstyle displaystyle='true'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><mfrac>
    <mrow>
     <mn>6</mn><msup>
      <mi>n</mi>
      <mn>5</mn>
     </msup>
     <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>2</mn>
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
     <mn>3</mn><msup>
      <mi>n</mi>
      <mn>5</mn>
     </msup>
     <mo>+</mo><msup>
      <mi>n</mi>
      <mn>2</mn>
     </msup>
     
    </mrow>
   </mfrac>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiikamaalaaabaGaaGOnaiaad6gadaahaaWcbeqaaiaaiwdaaaGccqGHsislcaaIYaaabaGaaG4maiaad6gadaahaaWcbeqaaiaaiwdaaaGccqGHRaWkcaWGUbWaaWbaaSqabeaacaaIYaaaaaaakiaacMcaaaa@4112@</annotation>
</semantics>
</mstyle>
</math>. Auf den ersten Blick könnte man zweifeln, ob die Grenzwertsätze hier erfolgreich eingesetzt werden können, denn im Zähler und im Nenner stehen divergente Folgen! 
Mit einem kleinen "Trick" kommen wir aber dennoch zum Ziel: Wenn wir alle Folgenglieder durch <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msup>
    <mi>n</mi>
    <mn>5</mn>
   </msup>
   
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOBamaaCaaaleqabaGaaGynaaaaaaa@37C8@</annotation>
</semantics></math> kürzen, gewinnen wir eine <i>andere Darstellung</i> der Folge, die für unsere Zwecke wesentlich günstiger ist:</p>
<p>
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
<mstyle displaystyle='true'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><mfrac>
    <mrow>
     <mn>6</mn><msup>
      <mi>n</mi>
      <mn>5</mn>
     </msup>
     <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>2</mn>
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
     <mn>3</mn><msup>
      <mi>n</mi>
      <mn>5</mn>
     </msup>
     <mo>+</mo><msup>
      <mi>n</mi>
      <mn>2</mn>
     </msup>
     
    </mrow>
   </mfrac>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><mfrac>
    <mrow>
     <mn>6</mn><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mfrac>
      <mn>2</mn>
      <mrow>
       <msup>
        <mi>n</mi>
        <mn>5</mn>
       </msup>
       
      </mrow>
     </mfrac>
     
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
     <mn>3</mn><mo>+</mo><mfrac>
      <mn>1</mn>
      <mrow>
       <msup>
        <mi>n</mi>
        <mn>3</mn>
       </msup>
       
      </mrow>
     </mfrac>
     
    </mrow>
   </mfrac>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiikamaalaaabaGaaGOnaiaad6gadaahaaWcbeqaaiaaiwdaaaGccqGHsislcaaIYaaabaGaaG4maiaad6gadaahaaWcbeqaaiaaiwdaaaGccqGHRaWkcaWGUbWaaWbaaSqabeaacaaIYaaaaaaakiaacMcacqGH9aqpcaGGOaWaaSaaaeaacaaI2aGaeyOeI0YaaSaaaeaacaaIYaaabaGaamOBamaaCaaaleqabaGaaGynaaaaaaaakeaacaaIZaGaey4kaSYaaSaaaeaacaaIXaaabaGaamOBamaaCaaaleqabaGaaG4maaaaaaaaaOGaaiykaaaa@4C34@</annotation>
</semantics>
</mstyle>
</math>.
</div>
</p>
<p>
Jetzt nämlich steht im Zähler die Differenz und im Nenner die Summe zweier konvergenter Folgen, so dass nach dem zweiten bzw. ersten Grenzwertsatz Zähler und Nenner konvergent sind, und zwar der Zähler gegen <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mn>6</mn><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>6</mn>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaGOnaiabgkHiTiaaicdacqGH9aqpcaaI2aaaaa@3A16@</annotation>
</semantics></math> und der Nenner gegen <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mn>3</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>3</mn>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaG4maiabgUcaRiaaicdacqGH9aqpcaaIZaaaaa@3A05@</annotation>
</semantics></math>. 
Insbesondere ist damit der Nennerlimes von 0 verschieden, so dass der vierte Grenzwertsatz angewandt werden kann:
<p>
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
<mstyle displaystyle='true'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mfrac>
    <mrow>
     <mn>6</mn><msup>
      <mi>n</mi>
      <mn>5</mn>
     </msup>
     <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>2</mn>
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
     <mn>3</mn><msup>
      <mi>n</mi>
      <mn>5</mn>
     </msup>
     <mo>+</mo><msup>
      <mi>n</mi>
      <mn>2</mn>
     </msup>
     
    </mrow>
   </mfrac>
   <mo>=</mo><mfrac>
    <mrow>
     <mn>6</mn><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mfrac>
      <mn>2</mn>
      <mrow>
       <msup>
        <mi>n</mi>
        <mn>5</mn>
       </msup>
       
      </mrow>
     </mfrac>
     
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
     <mn>3</mn><mo>+</mo><mfrac>
      <mn>1</mn>
      <mrow>
       <msup>
        <mi>n</mi>
        <mn>3</mn>
       </msup>
       
      </mrow>
     </mfrac>
     
    </mrow>
   </mfrac>
   <mo>&#x2192;</mo><mfrac>
    <mn>6</mn>
    <mn>3</mn>
   </mfrac>
   <mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaaSaaaeaacaaI2aGaamOBamaaCaaaleqabaGaaGynaaaakiabgkHiTiaaikdaaeaacaaIZaGaamOBamaaCaaaleqabaGaaGynaaaakiabgUcaRiaad6gadaahaaWcbeqaaiaaikdaaaaaaOGaeyypa0ZaaSaaaeaacaaI2aGaeyOeI0YaaSaaaeaacaaIYaaabaGaamOBamaaCaaaleqabaGaaGynaaaaaaaakeaacaaIZaGaey4kaSYaaSaaaeaacaaIXaaabaGaamOBamaaCaaaleqabaGaaG4maaaaaaaaaOGaeyOKH46aaSaaaeaacaaI2aaabaGaaG4maaaacqGH9aqpcaaIYaaaaa@4EBE@</annotation>
</semantics>
</mstyle>
</math>.
</div>
</p>
</p>
<p>Wir üben dieses Verfahren an weiteren Beispielen.</p>
<table class="main"><tr><td class="main">

<p><u><b>Beispiel:</b></u> &#160;</p>

<ul type="square">
<li>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
<mstyle displaystyle='true'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mfrac>
    <mrow>
     <mn>4</mn><msup>
      <mi>n</mi>
      <mn>3</mn>
     </msup>
     <mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><msup>
      <mi>n</mi>
      <mn>2</mn>
     </msup>
     <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>1</mn>
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
     <mn>3</mn><msup>
      <mi>n</mi>
      <mn>3</mn>
     </msup>
     <mo>+</mo><mn>5</mn><mi>n</mi>
    </mrow>
   </mfrac>
   <mo>=</mo><mfrac>
    <mrow>
     <mover>
      <mn>4</mn>
      <mrow>
       <mover><mpadded depth='0.8ex' height='3.5ex' width='0.9em'>
        <mo fontsize='12pt'>&#x2191;</mo></mpadded><mpadded  width='1.2em'>
        <mn fontsize='12pt'>4</mn></mpadded>
       </mover>
       
      </mrow>
     </mover>
     <mo>+</mo><mover>
      <mrow>
       <mfrac>
        <mn>2</mn>
        <mi>n</mi>
       </mfrac>
       
      </mrow>
      <mrow>
       <mover><mpadded depth='0.8ex' height='3.5ex'>
        <mo fontsize='12pt'>&#x2191;</mo></mpadded>
        <mn fontsize='12pt'>0</mn>
       </mover>
       
      </mrow>
     </mover>
     <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mover>
      <mrow>
       <mfrac>
        <mn>1</mn>
        <mrow>
         <msup>
          <mi>n</mi>
          <mn>3</mn>
         </msup>
         
        </mrow>
       </mfrac>
       
      </mrow>
      <mrow>
       <mover><mpadded depth='0.7ex' height='3.0ex'>
        <mo fontsize='12pt'>&#x2191;</mo></mpadded>
        <mn fontsize='12pt'>0</mn>
       </mover>
       
      </mrow>
     </mover>
     
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
     <munder>
      <mn>3</mn>
      <mrow>
       <munder><mpadded depth='0.8ex' height='3.0ex'>
        <mo fontsize='12pt'>&#x2193;</mo></mpadded>
        <mn fontsize='12pt'>3</mn>
       </munder>
       
      </mrow>
     </munder>
     <mo>+</mo><munder>
      <mrow>
       <mfrac>
        <mn>5</mn>
        <mrow>
         <msup>
          <mi>n</mi>
          <mn>2</mn>
         </msup>
         
        </mrow>
       </mfrac>
       
      </mrow>
      <mrow>
       <munder><mpadded depth='0.8ex' height='3.0ex'>
        <mo fontsize='12pt'>&#x2193;</mo></mpadded>
        <mn fontsize='12pt'>0</mn>
       </munder>
       
      </mrow>
     </munder>
     
    </mrow>
   </mfrac>
   <munder>
    <mo>&#x2192;</mo>
    <mrow>
     <mn>3</mn><mo>&#x2260;</mo><mn>0</mn>
    </mrow>
   </munder>
   <mfrac>
    <mrow>
     <mn>4</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>0</mn>
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
     <mn>3</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>0</mn>
    </mrow>
   </mfrac>
   <mo>=</mo><mfrac>
    <mn>4</mn>
    <mn>3</mn>
   </mfrac>
   
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=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@6DD8@</annotation>
</semantics>
</mstyle>
</math><p>&#160;</p>
</li>
<li>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
<mstyle displaystyle='true'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mfrac>
    <mrow>
     <mn>3</mn><msup>
      <mi>n</mi>
      <mn>2</mn>
     </msup>
     <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn>
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
     <msup>
      <mi>n</mi>
      <mn>4</mn>
     </msup>
     <mo>+</mo><mn>7</mn><msup>
      <mi>n</mi>
      <mn>2</mn>
     </msup>
     <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>2</mn>
    </mrow>
   </mfrac>
   <mo>=</mo><mfrac>
    <mrow>
     <mover>
      <mrow>
       <mfrac>
        <mn>3</mn>
        <mrow>
         <msup>
          <mi>n</mi>
          <mn>2</mn>
         </msup>
         
        </mrow>
       </mfrac>
       
      </mrow>
      <mrow>
       <mover><mpadded depth='0.8ex' height='3.5ex'>
        <mo fontsize='12pt'>&#x2191;</mo></mpadded>
        <mn fontsize='12pt'>0</mn>
       </mover>
       
      </mrow>
     </mover>
     <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mover>
      <mrow>
       <mfrac>
        <mn>1</mn>
        <mrow>
         <msup>
          <mi>n</mi>
          <mn>3</mn>
         </msup>
         
        </mrow>
       </mfrac>
       
      </mrow>
      <mrow>
       <mover><mpadded depth='0.8ex' height='3.5ex'>
        <mo fontsize='12pt'>&#x2191;</mo></mpadded>
        <mn fontsize='12pt'>0</mn>
       </mover>
       
      </mrow>
     </mover>
     <mo>+</mo><mover>
      <mrow>
       <mfrac>
        <mn>1</mn>
        <mrow>
         <msup>
          <mi>n</mi>
          <mn>4</mn>
         </msup>
         
        </mrow>
       </mfrac>
       
      </mrow>
      <mrow>
       <mover><mpadded depth='0.8ex' height='3.5ex'>
        <mo fontsize='12pt'>&#x2191;</mo></mpadded>
        <mn fontsize='12pt'>0</mn>
       </mover>
       
      </mrow>
     </mover>
     
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
     <munder>
      <mn>1</mn>
      <mrow>
       <munder><mpadded depth='0.8ex' height='3.0ex'>
        <mo fontsize='12pt'>&#x2193;</mo></mpadded>
        <mn fontsize='12pt'>1</mn>
       </munder>
       
      </mrow>
     </munder>
     <mo>+</mo><munder>
      <mrow>
       <mfrac>
        <mn>7</mn>
        <mrow>
         <msup>
          <mi>n</mi>
          <mn>2</mn>
         </msup>
         
        </mrow>
       </mfrac>
       
      </mrow>
      <mrow>
       <munder><mpadded depth='0.8ex' height='3.0ex'>
        <mo fontsize='12pt'>&#x2193;</mo></mpadded>
        <mn fontsize='12pt'>0</mn>
       </munder>
       
      </mrow>
     </munder>
     <mo>&#x2212;</mo><munder>
      <mrow>
       <mfrac>
        <mn>2</mn>
        <mrow>
         <msup>
          <mi>n</mi>
          <mn>4</mn>
         </msup>
         
        </mrow>
       </mfrac>
       
      </mrow>
      <mrow>
       <munder><mpadded depth='0.8ex' height='3.0ex'>
        <mo fontsize='12pt'>&#x2193;</mo></mpadded>
        <mn fontsize='12pt'>0</mn>
       </munder>
       
      </mrow>
     </munder>
     
    </mrow>
   </mfrac>
   <munder>
    <mo>&#x2192;</mo>
    <mrow>
     <mn>1</mn><mo>&#x2260;</mo><mn>0</mn>
    </mrow>
   </munder>
   <mfrac>
    <mrow>
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<p>&#160;</p>
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<li>
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</math> auch die Folge</p>
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<p>konvergent. &#160;&#160;<span class="num">Widerspruch!</span></p>
</li>
</ul>
</td></tr></table>

<p>Folgen der gerade betrachteten Art sind in ihrem Konvergenzverhalten völlig überschaubar! Entscheidend ist dabei das Verhältnis der höchsten <span><i>n</i>-Potenzen</span> im Zähler und im Nenner:</p>

<p style="margin-left: 10pt"><font size="2">&#9658;</font>&#160; Steht die höchste <span><i>n</i>-Potenz</span> ausschließlich im Zähler, so ist die Folge divergent.</p>
<p style="margin-left: 10pt"><font size="2">&#9658;</font>&#160; Steht die höchste <span><i>n</i>-Potenz</span> auschließlich im Nenner, so liegt eine Nullfolge vor.</p>
<p style="margin-left: 10pt"><font size="2">&#9658;</font>&#160; Kommt die höchste <span><i>n</i>-Potenz</span> gleichzeitig im Zähler und im Nenner vor, so konvergiert die Folge gegen den Quotienten der beiden entsprechenden Koeffizienten.</p>

<table class="main"><tr><td class="main">

<p><u><b>Aufgabe:</b></u> &#160;</p>
<ul type="square">
<li>
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</td></tr></table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-top: 50px; margin-bottom:30px" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%">
  <tr>
    <td><hr noshade="noshade" size="1"/></td>
    <td width="2%" align="right"><img style="margin-left:3pt" src="http://www.mathproject.de/cgi-std/count.pl?c=56;d=tiny"/></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<p>
<table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
  <tr>
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