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<p><u><b>Definition:</b></u> &#160;</p>

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<span class="num"><a name="1">[7.3.1]</a></span></td></tr></table>

<p class="beweis"><i>Beweis</i>: &#160;<br/>
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<h1>8.2. <i>Integrale</i></h1>
<hr noshade="noshade" size="1" style="margin-bottom:20px" />

<p>Die im ersten Abschnitt eingeführten Stammfunktionen sind durch die vorgegebene integrierbare Funktion nicht eindeutig bestimmt. Auf <i>Intervallen</i> aber unterscheiden sich nach <a class="ref" href="8_1.xml#2" target="_blank">[8.1.2]</a> zwei Stammfunktionen zu <i>f</i> nur durch eine additive Konstante (eine Folgerung aus dem Mittelwertsatz!), so dass dieser Unterschied bei der <i>Differenz zweier Funktionswerte</i> verschwindet. Diese Beobachtung ist für die jetzt einzuführenden Integrale von entscheidender Bedeutung.</p>
<p>Die weiteren Ausführungen beziehen sich auf ein beliebig vorgegebenes Intervall <i>I</i>.</p>

<table class="main"><tr><td class="main">

<p><u><b>Definition und Bemerkung:</b></u> &#160;Es sei <i>f</i> eine integrierbare Funktion auf <i>I</i>, also <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
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</math>, und <i>g</i> irgendeine Stammfunktion zu <i>f</i>. Sind <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
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</math> zwei beliebige Zahlen aus <i>I</i>, so hängt die Zahl</p>

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<span class="num"><a name="1">[8.2.1]</a></span></td></tr></table>
<p>nicht von der Wahl der Stammfunktion <i>g</i> ab.</p>
<p>Wir nennen sie das (bestimmte) <u>Integral über <i>f</i> von <i>a</i> bis <i>b</i></u>. Den Ausdruck <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
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</math> lesen wir als "<i>g</i> in den Grenzen <i>a b</i>". <i>a</i> und <i>b</i> nennen wir daher auch die <u>Integrationsgrenzen</u> des Integrals <a class="ref" href="#1">[8.2.1]</a>.&#160; <i>f</i> selbst ist in diesem Zusammenhang der <u>Integrand</u>.</p>

<p class="beweis"><i>Beweis</i>: &#160;Sind <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
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</math> und <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
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</math> zwei Stammfunktionen zu <i>f</i>, so unterscheiden sie sich nach <a class="ref" href="8_1.xml#2" target="_blank">[8.1.2]</a> nur durch eine Konstante. Es gibt also ein <i>c</i>, so dass <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
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</math>. Man hat daher:</p>
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<p><span class="num" style="color:black"><tt>Beachte</tt>:</span></p>
<ul>  
 <li>
<p>Stetige Funktionen auf Intervallen sind integrierbar (<a class="ref" href="8_1.xml#5" target="_blank">[8.1.5]</a>). Also existiert das Integral <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
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</math>&#160; für jedes <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
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</math>.</p>
 </li>
 <li>
<p>Der Ausdruck "bestimmtes" Integral deutet an, dass bei der Berechnung eine gefundene Stammfunktion an festen Grenzen <i>a</i> und <i>b</i> auszuwerten ist. Bei einem <i>unbestimmten</i> Integral wird man diese Rechnung auslassen, so dass man mit dem Symbol <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
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  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qaaeaacaWGMbaaleqabeqdcqGHRiI8aaaa@38D2@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>, oftmals auch <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munder><mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo><mi></mi></munder>
    <mi>f</mi>
   </mrow>
   <mo>+</mo><mi>c</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qaaeaacaWGMbaaleqabeqdcqGHRiI8aOGaey4kaSIaam4yaaaa@3AA6@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>, einfach eine Stammfunktion zu <i>f</i> meint. Der Hauptsatz <a class="ref" href="#13">[8.2.12]</a> zeigt allerdings, dass diese Schreibweise auch inhaltlich verstanden werden kann.</p>
 </li>
 <li>
<p>Zur Einsparung von Klammern vereinbaren wir, dass die Operatoren <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mrow></mrow>
  </mrow>
  
 </mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qCaeaaaSqaaiaadggaaeaacaWGIbaaniabgUIiYdaaaa@3A22@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> und <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
  <mrow><mphantom><mspace width='0pt' height='12pt'/></mphantom>
   <msubsup>
    <mo stretchy='true' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </msubsup>
  </mrow> 
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiiFamaaDaaaleaacaWGHbaabaGaamOyaaaaaaa@38E6@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> stärker als die Rechenoperationen binden sollen. Wir schreiben also z.B.</p>
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mn>2</mn>
    <mn>5</mn>
   </munderover>
    <mn>3</mn><msup>
     <mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
     <mn>2</mn>
    </msup>
    <mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
   </mrow><mrow>
  <mo>=</mo><msup>
   <mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
   <mn>3</mn>
  </msup>
  <mo>+</mo><msup>
   <mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
   <mn>2</mn>
  </msup>
  <mrow><mphantom><mspace width='0pt' height='12pt'/></mphantom>
  <msubsup>
   <mo stretchy='true' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
   <mn>2</mn>
   <mn>5</mn>
  </msubsup>
  </mrow></mrow>
 </mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qCaeaacaaIZaGaamiwamaaCaaaleqabaGaaGOmaaaakiabgUcaRiaaikdacaWGybaaleaacaaIYaaabaGaaGynaaqdcqGHRiI8aOGaeyypa0JaamiwamaaCaaaleqabaGaaG4maaaakiabgUcaRiaadIfadaahaaWcbeqaaiaaikdaaaGccaGG8bWaa0baaSqaaiaaikdaaeaacaaI1aaaaaaa@4713@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>&#160; statt&#160; <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mn>2</mn>
    <mn>5</mn>
   </munderover>
    <mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>3</mn><msup>
     <mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
     <mn>2</mn>
    </msup>
    <mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
  </mrow><mrow>
  <mo>=</mo><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><msup>
   <mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
   <mn>3</mn>
  </msup>
  <mo>+</mo><msup>
   <mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
   <mn>2</mn>
  </msup>
  <mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
  <mrow><mphantom><mspace width='0pt' height='12pt'/></mphantom>
  <msubsup>
   <mo stretchy='true' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
   <mn>2</mn>
   <mn>5</mn>
  </msubsup>
  </mrow></mrow>
 </mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qCaeaacaGGOaGaaG4maiaadIfadaahaaWcbeqaaiaaikdaaaGccqGHRaWkcaaIYaGaamiwaiaacMcaaSqaaiaaikdaaeaacaaI1aaaniabgUIiYdGccqGH9aqpcaGGOaGaamiwamaaCaaaleqabaGaaG4maaaakiabgUcaRiaadIfadaahaaWcbeqaaiaaikdaaaGccaGGPaGaaiiFamaaDaaaleaacaaIYaaabaGaaGynaaaaaaa@49C5@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>
</div><br/>&#160;
 </li>
 <li>
<p>Häufig wird das Integral <a class="ref" href="#1">[8.2.1]</a> auch in der Form <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mrow>
    <mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mspace width='0.1em'/><mi>d</mi><mi>x</mi>
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  
 </mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qCaeaacaWGMbGaaiikaiaadIhacaGGPaGaamizaiaadIhaaSqaaiaadggaaeaacaWGIbaaniabgUIiYdaaaa@3F49@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> bzw. <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mrow>
    <mi>f</mi><mspace width='0.05em'/><mi>d</mi><mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  
 </mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qCaeaacaWGMbGaamizaiaadIfaaSqaaiaadggaaeaacaWGIbaaniabgUIiYdaaaa@3CD3@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> notiert. Diese Schreibweise hat ihren Ursprung in einem alternativen Konzept zur Einführung der Integrale, bei dem die Flächenmessung im Vordergrund steht (wir gehen auf diesen Aspekt in <a class="ref" href="8_4.xml" target="_blank">8.4</a> ein) und hat hier nur eine <i>symbolische</i> Bedeutung.</p><p><a name="aa1"></a>Darüber hinaus aber versteht man unter <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mspace width='0.1em'/><mi>d</mi><mi>x</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzaiaacIcacaWG4bGaaiykaiaadsgacaWG4baaaa@3B13@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> bzw. <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>f</mi><mspace width='0.05em'/><mi>d</mi><mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzaiaadsgacaWGybaaaa@389D@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> auch ein neues Objekt, eine sog. <i>Differentialform</i><span class="inf" style="white-space:normal" onmouseover="if(active2==0){position('tip2','tab2',event.clientX,event.clientY); document.getElementById('tip2').className='tooltip_v'};active2=1">
<img class="inf" style="margin-left:3px; margin-right:3px" src="../info.gif" width="10" height="10"/></span>
<!--###################### tip2 ##################-->
<span id="tip2" class="tooltip_h">
<table id="tab2" border="0" style="width:427px" ><tr><td onmousedown="x0=event.clientX;y0=event.clientY;fix('tip2')" onmouseup="drag=0" style="border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-color:blue; font-family:monospace"><p style="cursor: move; color:blue; margin-top:-5px; margin-bottom:0px; size:12pt; font-weight:bold">&#160;i</p><img onclick="active2=0;document.getElementById('tip2').className='tooltip_h'" src="../close.gif" width="10" height="10" style="float: right; margin-top:-15px"/></td></tr>
<tr><td>
<p style="white-space:normal">In diesem Fall handelt es sich um Differentialformen vom Grad 1, die wir folgendermaßen einführen: Ist für jedes <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>x</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><mi>I</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamiEaiabgIGiolaadMeaaaa@393B@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>&#160; <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>&#x03C9;</mi>
    <mi>x</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo>:</mo><mi>&#x211D;</mi><mo>&#x2192;</mo><mi>&#x211D;</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeqyYdC3aaSbaaSqaaiaadIhaaeqaaOGaaiOoaiabl2riHkabgkziUkabl2riHcaa@3E77@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> eine lineare Funktion, also</p>
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>&#x03C9;</mi>
    <mi>x</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>&#x03B1;</mi><mi>r</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>&#x03B2;</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mi>&#x03B1;</mi><msub>
    <mi>&#x03C9;</mi>
    <mi>x</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>+</mo><mi>&#x03B2;</mi><msub>
    <mi>&#x03C9;</mi>
    <mi>x</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeqyYdC3aaSbaaSqaaiaadIhaaeqaaOGaaiikaiabeg7aHjaadkhacqGHRaWkcqaHYoGycaWGZbGaaiykaiabg2da9iabeg7aHjabeM8a3naaBaaaleaacaWG4baabeaakiaacIcacaWGYbGaaiykaiabgUcaRiabek7aIjabeM8a3naaBaaaleaacaWG4baabeaakiaacIcacaWGZbGaaiykaaaa@501F@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>&#160; für alle <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>r</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>&#x03B1;</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>&#x03B2;</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><mi>&#x211D;</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOCaiaacYcacaWGZbGaaiilaiabeg7aHjaacYcacqaHYoGycqGHiiIZcqWIDesOaaa@401F@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>
</div>
<p>(man sagt auch: ein Homomorphismus, bzw. ein Element von <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>H</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>&#x211D;</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>&#x211D;</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamisaiaad+gacaWGTbGaaiikaiabl2riHkaacYcacqWIDesOcaGGPaaaaa@3D88@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>), so nennen wir die Funktion <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>&#x03C9;</mi><mo>:</mo><mi>I</mi><mo>&#x2192;</mo><mi>I</mi><mo>&#x00D7;</mo><mi>H</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>&#x211D;</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>&#x211D;</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeqyYdCNaaiOoaiaadMeacqGHsgIRcaWGjbGaey41aqRaamisaiaad+gacaWGTbGaaiikaiabl2riHkaacYcacqWIDesOcaGGPaaaaa@45B3@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> mit</p>
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>&#x03C9;</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>,</mo><msub>
    <mi>&#x03C9;</mi>
    <mi>x</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeqyYdCNaaiikaiaadIhacaGGPaGaeyypa0JaaiikaiaadIhacaGGSaGaeqyYdC3aaSbaaSqaaiaadIhaaeqaaOGaaiykaaaa@411B@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>
</div>
<p>eine <u>Differentialform vom Grad 1 auf <i>I</i></u> (kurz: eine 1-Form auf <i>I</i>). Eine differenzierbare Funktion <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>g</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><msup>
    <mi mathvariant='script'>D</mi>
    <mn>1</mn>
   </msup>
   <mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4zaiabgIGiolaadseadaahaaWcbeqaaiaaigdaaaGccaGGOaGaamysaiaacMcaaaa@3C3E@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> erzeugt in natürlicher Weise eine 1-Form&#160; <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>d</mi><mi>g</mi><mo>:</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>&#x21A6;</mo><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>,</mo><msub>
    <mi>d</mi>
    <mi>x</mi>
   </msub>
   <mi>g</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamizaiaadEgacaGG6aGaamiEaiablAAiHjaacIcacaWG4bGaaiilaiaadsgadaWgaaWcbaGaamiEaaqabaGccaWGNbGaaiykaaaa@4143@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>, denn für jedes <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>x</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><mi>I</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamiEaiabgIGiolaadMeaaaa@393B@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> ist durch</p>
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>d</mi>
    <mi>x</mi>
   </msub>
   <mi>g</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em' fontsize='13pt'>&#x2254;</mo><msup>
    <mi>g</mi>
    <mo>&#x2032;</mo>
   </msup>
   <mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>&#x22C5;</mo><mi>r</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamizamaaBaaaleaacaWG4baabeaakiaadEgacaGGOaGaamOCaiaacMcacqGH9aqpceWGNbGbauaacaGGOaGaamiEaiaacMcacqGHflY1caWGYbaaaa@42D9@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>
</div>
<p>ein Homomorphismus gegeben. <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mi>d</mi><mi>g</mi>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamizaiaadEgaaaa@37C1@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> nennen wir das <u>Differential von <i>g</i></u> und <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>d</mi>
    <mi>x</mi>
   </msub>
   <mi>g</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamizamaaBaaaleaacaWG4baabeaakiaadEgaaaa@38F4@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> das <u>Differential von <i>g</i> in <i>x</i></u>. Für X etwa ist <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>d</mi>
    <mi>x</mi>
   </msub>
   <mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi><mo>=</mo><mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamizamaaBaaaleaacaWG4baabeaakiaadIfacqGH9aqpcaWGybaaaa@3AC8@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>, denn:</p>
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>d</mi>
    <mi>x</mi>
   </msub>
   <mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>=</mo><msup>
    <mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
    <mo>&#x2032;</mo>
   </msup>
   <mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>&#x22C5;</mo><mi>r</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>&#x22C5;</mo><mi>r</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>r</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamizamaaBaaaleaacaWG4baabeaakiaadIfacaGGOaGaamOCaiaacMcacqGH9aqpceWGybGbauaacaGGOaGaamiEaiaacMcacqGHflY1caWGYbGaeyypa0JaaGymaiabgwSixlaadkhacqGH9aqpcaWGYbaaaa@49BA@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>.</div>
<p>Mit <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>&#x03C9;</mi>
    <mi>x</mi>
   </msub>
   
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeqyYdC3aaSbaaSqaaiaadIhaaeqaaaaa@38E2@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> sind auch die Vielfachen von <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>&#x03C9;</mi>
    <mi>x</mi>
   </msub>
   
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeqyYdC3aaSbaaSqaaiaadIhaaeqaaaaa@38E2@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> Homomorphismen, so dass für eine beliebige Funktion <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>f</mi><mo>:</mo><mi>I</mi><mo>&#x2192;</mo><mi>&#x211D;</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzaiaacQdacaWGjbGaeyOKH4QaeSyhHekaaa@3BC0@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> durch <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>f</mi><mo rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>&#x22C5;</mo><mi>&#x03C9;</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em' fontsize='13pt'>&#x2254;</mo><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>&#x22C5;</mo><msub>
    <mi>&#x03C9;</mi>
    <mi>x</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzaiabgwSixlabeM8a3jaacIcacaWG4bGaaiykaiabg2da9iaacIcacaWG4bGaaiilaiaadAgacaGGOaGaamiEaiaacMcacqGHflY1cqaHjpWDdaWgaaWcbaGaamiEaaqabaGccaGGPaaaaa@49DB@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> die Differentialform <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>f</mi><mo rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>&#x22C5;</mo><mi>&#x03C9;</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzaiabgwSixlabeM8a3baa@3AEE@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> erklärt ist. Für ein integrierbares <i>f</i> ist also z.B.</p>
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>f</mi><mspace width='0.05em'/><mi>d</mi><mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzaiaadsgacaWGybaaaa@389D@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>
</div>
<p>eine integrierbare Differentialform mit <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>f</mi><mspace width='0.05em'/><mi>d</mi><mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>&#x22C5;</mo><mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzaiaadsgacaWGybGaaiikaiaadIhacaGGPaGaeyypa0JaaiikaiaadIhacaGGSaGaamOzaiaacIcacaWG4bGaaiykaiabgwSixlaadIfacaGGPaaaaa@4567@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>.</p>
</td></tr></table>
</span>
<!--###################### end tip2 ##################-->
. Die Definition <a class="ref" href="#1">[8.2.1]</a> führt dann das Integral über die Differentialform <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>f</mi><mspace width='0.05em'/><mi>d</mi><mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzaiaadsgacaWGybaaaa@389D@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> ein und die Schreibweise <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mrow>
    <mi>f</mi><mspace width='0.05em'/><mi>d</mi><mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  
 </mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qCaeaacaWGMbGaamizaiaadIfaaSqaaiaadggaaeaacaWGIbaaniabgUIiYdaaaa@3CD3@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> hat jetzt eine <i>inhaltliche</i> Bedeutung.</p>
<!--Diese Schreibweise ist in einem alternativen Konzept zur Einführung der Integrale begründet, bei dem die Flächenmessung im Vordergrund steht. Wir gehen auf diesen Aspekt erst in <a class="ref" href="8_5.xml" target="_blank">8.5</a> ein.</p>-->
 </li><br/>&#160;
</ul>
<table class="main"><tr><td class="main">

<p><u><b>Beispiel:</b></u> &#160;</p>
<ul type="square">
<li>
<p><span style="width:250px"><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mn>1</mn>
  </mrow><mrow>
  <mo>=</mo><mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi><mrow><mphantom><mspace width='0pt' height='12pt'/></mphantom>
  <msubsup>
   <mo stretchy='true' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
   <mi>a</mi>
   <mi>b</mi>
  </msubsup></mrow>
  <mo>=</mo><mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>a</mi>
 </mrow></mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
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</math></span><div style="text-align:justify; border: solid gray 1px; padding:4px; width:310px; white-space:normal; position:relative; left:250px; top:-60px; margin-bottom:-50px"><i>Im Fall <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
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</math> berechnet das Integral über </i>1<i> also stets die Länge des Integrationsintervalls</i>!</div></p>
</li> 
<li>
<p><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
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    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
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  <mo>=</mo><mfrac>
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</math></p>
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<li>
<p><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
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    <mi>sin</mi><mo>&#x2061;</mo>
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   <mo stretchy='true' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
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    <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>&#x03C0;</mi>
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  <mo>=</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>cos</mi><mo>&#x2061;</mo><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>&#x03C0;</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>cos</mi><mo>&#x2061;</mo><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>0</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn>
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</math>
</p>
</li> 
<li>
<p><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mrow>
     <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>&#x03C0;</mi>
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    <mi>&#x03C0;</mi>
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   <mrow>
    <mi>sin</mi><mo>&#x2061;</mo><mo>&#x22C5;</mo><mi>cos</mi><mo>&#x2061;</mo><mo>=</mo><mfrac>
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    <msup>
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     <mo stretchy='true' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
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      <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>&#x03C0;</mi>
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     <mi>&#x03C0;</mi>
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    <mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn>
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</math>&#160; &#160; Der Integrand hat hier die Form <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
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  <mrow>
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 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
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</math>, siehe <a class="ref" href="8_1.xml#11" target="_blank">[8.1.11]</a>.</p>
</li> 
</ul>
<p><u><b>Aufgabe:</b></u></p>
<ul type="square"> 
<li>
<p><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
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</math>
</p>
</li> 
<li>
<p><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
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    <mi>&#x03C0;</mi>
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    <mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>cos</mi><mo>&#x2061;</mo>
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</math></p>
</li> 
<li>
<p><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
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  <mo>=</mo><maction actiontype='toggle'><mtext color='red' fontsize='14pt'>?</mtext>
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  <mrow><mrow><mphantom><mspace width='0pt' height='12pt'/></mphantom>
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  <mo>=</mo></mrow><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mfrac>
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</math>&#160; <span class="inf" style="white-space:normal" onmouseover="if(active0==0){position('tip0','tab0',event.clientX,event.clientY); document.getElementById('tip0').className='tooltip_v'};active0=1">
<img class="inf" style="margin-left:3px; margin-right:3px" src="../info.gif" width="10" height="10"/></span>
<span id="tip0" class="tooltip_h">
<table id="tab0" border="0" style="width:410px" ><tr><td onmousedown="x0=event.clientX;y0=event.clientY;fix('tip0')" onmouseup="drag=0" style="border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-color:blue; font-family:monospace"><p style="cursor: move; color:blue; margin-top:-5px; margin-bottom:0px; size:12pt; font-weight:bold">&#160;i</p><img onclick="active0=0;document.getElementById('tip0').className='tooltip_h'" src="../close.gif" width="10" height="10" style="float: right; margin-top:-15px"/></td></tr>
<tr><td>
<p style="white-space:normal">Man beachte, dass das ähnliche Integral <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
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    <mn>1</mn>
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</semantics></mstyle>
</math> nicht existiert, denn kein Teilintervall des Definitionsbereichs <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msup>
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  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeSyhHe6aaWbaaSqabeaacqGHGjsUcaaIWaaaaaaa@3A0A@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> enthält die Punkte &#x2212;2 und 1.</p><p><b>Über Definitionslücken hinweg kann man nicht integrieren!</b></p>
</td></tr></table>
</span></p>
</li> 
<li>
<p><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mrow>
     <mfrac>
      <mi>&#x03C0;</mi>
      <mn>6</mn>
     </mfrac>
     
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
     <mfrac>
      <mrow>
       <mn>5</mn><mi>&#x03C0;</mi>
      </mrow>
      <mn>6</mn>
     </mfrac>
     
    </mrow>
   </munderover>
   <mrow>
    <mfrac>
     <mrow>
      <mi>cos</mi><mo>&#x2061;</mo>
     </mrow>
     <mrow>
      <msup>
       <mrow>
        <mi>sin</mi><mo>&#x2061;</mo>
       </mrow>
       <mn>2</mn>
      </msup>
      
     </mrow>
    </mfrac>
    
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo><maction actiontype='toggle'><mtext color='red' fontsize='14pt'>?</mtext>
  <mrow><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mfrac>
   <mn>1</mn>
   <mrow>
    <mi>sin</mi><mo>&#x2061;</mo>
   </mrow>
  </mfrac>
  <mrow><mrow><mphantom><mspace width='0pt' height='12pt'/></mphantom>
  <msubsup>
   <mo stretchy='true' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
   <mrow>
    <mfrac>
     <mi>&#x03C0;</mi>
     <mn>6</mn>
    </mfrac>
    
   </mrow>
   <mrow>
    <mfrac>
     <mrow>
      <mn>5</mn><mi>&#x03C0;</mi>
     </mrow>
     <mn>6</mn>
    </mfrac>
    
   </mrow>
  </msubsup></mrow>
  <mo>=</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>2</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn>
 </mrow></mrow></maction></mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qCaeaadaWcaaqaaiGacogacaGGVbGaai4CaaqaaiGacohacaGGPbGaaiOBamaaCaaaleqabaGaaGOmaaaaaaaabaWaaSaaaeaacqaHapaCaeaacaaI2aaaaaqaamaalaaabaGaaGynaiabec8aWbqaaiaaiAdaaaaaniabgUIiYdGccqGH9aqpcqGHsisldaWcaaqaaiaaigdaaeaaciGGZbGaaiyAaiaac6gaaaGaaiiFamaaDaaaleaadaWcaaqaaiabec8aWbqaaiaaiAdaaaaabaWaaSaaaeaacaaI1aGaeqiWdahabaGaaGOnaaaaaaGccqGH9aqpcqGHsislcaaIYaGaeyOeI0IaaiikaiabgkHiTiaaikdacaGGPaGaeyypa0JaaGimaaaa@59D5@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>&#160; &#160;Beachten Sie <a class="ref" href="8_1.xml#12" target="_blank">[8.1.12]</a>, denn der Integrand hat die Form <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mfrac>
    <msup>
     <mi>f</mi>
     <mo>&#x2032;</mo>
    </msup>
    
    <mrow>
     <msup>
      <mi>f</mi>
      <mn>2</mn>
     </msup>
     
    </mrow>
   </mfrac>
   
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaaSaaaeaaceWGMbGbauaaaeaacaWGMbWaaWbaaSqabeaacaaIYaaaaaaaaaa@38C7@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>.</p>
</li> 
</ul>
</td></tr></table>

<p>Wir untersuchen nun das Verhalten der Integrale an den Integrationsgrenzen. Als wichtige Eigenschaft ergibt sich dabei: <i>Integrale sind in den Grenzen additiv</i>.</p>
<table class="main"><tr><td class="main">

<p><u><b>Bemerkung:</b></u> &#160;Ist <i>f</i> eine integrierbare Funktion über <i>I</i>, so gilt für alle <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>a</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>c</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><mi>I</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamyyaiaacYcacaWGIbGaaiilaiaadogacqGHiiIZcaWGjbaaaa@3C53@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>:</p>

<table><tr><td class="def">
<ol start="1" style="margin-bottom:2">
<li><p><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mi>f</mi>
  </mrow>
  <mo rspace='0.3em' lspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mrow><munderover>
   <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
   <mi>a</mi>
   <mrow><mphantom><mspace width='0pt'/><mi>b</mi></mphantom><mi>c</mi></mrow>
  </munderover>
  <mi>f</mi>
 </mrow>
 <mo rspace='0.3em' lspace='0.3em'>+</mo><mrow><munderover>
  <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
  <mi>c</mi>
  <mi>b</mi>
 </munderover>
 <mi>f</mi>
</mrow>

</mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qCaeaacaWGMbaaleaacaWGHbaabaGaamOyaaqdcqGHRiI8aOGaeyypa0Zaa8qCaeaacaWGMbaaleaacaWGHbaabaGaam4yaaqdcqGHRiI8aOGaey4kaSYaa8qCaeaacaWGMbaaleaacaWGJbaabaGaamOyaaqdcqGHRiI8aaaa@474E@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math></p>
</li>
</ol>
</td><td class="num" width="80px"><span class="num"><a name="2">[8.2.2]</a></span></td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td class="def">
<ol start="2" style="margin-bottom:2">
<li><p><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>a</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mi>f</mi>
  </mrow>
  <mo rspace='0.3em' lspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mn>0</mn>
 </mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qCaeaacaWGMbaaleaacaWGHbaabaGaamyyaaqdcqGHRiI8aOGaeyypa0JaaGimaaaa@3CD6@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math></p>
</li>
</ol>
</td><td class="num" width="80px"><span class="num"><a name="3">[8.2.3]</a></span></td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td class="def">
<ol start="3" style="margin-bottom:2">
<li><p><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mi>f</mi>
  </mrow>
  <mo rspace='0.3em' lspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mrow><munderover>
   <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
   <mi>b</mi>
   <mi>a</mi>
  </munderover>
  <mi>f</mi>
 </mrow>
 
</mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
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</semantics></mstyle>
</math>
</p>
</li>
</ol>
</td><td class="num" width="80px"><span class="num"><a name="4">[8.2.4]</a></span></td></tr></table>

<p class="beweis"><i>Beweis</i>: &#160;</p>
<p>1. <font size="2">&#9658;</font> &#160;Mit einer Stammfunktion <i>g</i> zu <i>f</i> hat man:</p>
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mrow><mphantom><mspace width='0pt'/><mi>b</mi></mphantom><mi>c</mi></mrow>
   </munderover>
   <mi>f</mi>
  </mrow>
  <mo rspace='0.3em' lspace='0.3em'>+</mo><mrow><munderover>
   <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
   <mi>c</mi>
   <mi>b</mi>
  </munderover>
  <mi>f</mi>
 </mrow>
 <mo rspace='0.3em' lspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mrow><mi>g</mi><mrow><mphantom><mspace width='0pt' height='12pt'/></mphantom>
 <msubsup>
  <mo stretchy='true' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
  <mi>a</mi>
  <mi>c</mi>
 </msubsup></mrow>
 <mo rspace='0.3em' lspace='0.3em'>+</mo><mi>g</mi><mrow><mphantom><mspace width='0pt' height='12pt'/></mphantom>
 <msubsup>
  <mo stretchy='true' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
  <mi>c</mi>
  <mi>b</mi>
 </msubsup></mrow>
 <mo rspace='0.3em' lspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>+</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mi>g</mi><mrow><mphantom><mspace width='0pt' height='12pt'/></mphantom>
 <msubsup>
  <mo stretchy='true' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
  <mi>a</mi>
  <mi>b</mi>
 </msubsup></mrow></mrow>
 <mo rspace='0.3em' lspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mrow><munderover>
  <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
  <mi>a</mi>
  <mi>b</mi>
 </munderover>
 <mi>f</mi>
</mrow>

</mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
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</semantics></mstyle>
</math></div>
<p>2. <font size="2">&#9658;</font> &#160;Die Behauptung ergibt sich aus der nach 1. gültigen Gleichung <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>a</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mi>f</mi>
  </mrow>
  <mo rspace='0.3em' lspace='0.3em'>+</mo><mrow><munderover>
   <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
   <mi>a</mi>
   <mi>a</mi>
  </munderover>
  <mi>f</mi>
 </mrow>
 <mo rspace='0.3em' lspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mrow><munderover>
  <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
  <mi>a</mi>
  <mi>a</mi>
 </munderover>
 <mi>f</mi>
</mrow>

</mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qCaeaacaWGMbaaleaacaWGHbaabaGaamyyaaqdcqGHRiI8aOGaey4kaSYaa8qCaeaacaWGMbaaleaacaWGHbaabaGaamyyaaqdcqGHRiI8aOGaeyypa0Zaa8qCaeaacaWGMbaaleaacaWGHbaabaGaamyyaaqdcqGHRiI8aaaa@4748@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>.</p>
<p>3. <font size="2">&#9658;</font> &#160;Mit 1. und 2. hat man: <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mi>f</mi>
  </mrow>
  <mo rspace='0.3em' lspace='0.3em'>+</mo><mrow><munderover>
   <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
   <mi>b</mi>
   <mi>a</mi>
  </munderover>
  <mi>f</mi>
 </mrow>
 <mo rspace='0.3em' lspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mrow><munderover>
  <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
  <mi>a</mi>
  <mi>a</mi>
 </munderover>
 <mi>f</mi>
</mrow>
<mo rspace='0.3em' lspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mn>0</mn>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qCaeaacaWGMbaaleaacaWGHbaabaGaamOyaaqdcqGHRiI8aOGaey4kaSYaa8qCaeaacaWGMbaaleaacaWGIbaabaGaamyyaaqdcqGHRiI8aOGaeyypa0Zaa8qCaeaacaWGMbaaleaacaWGHbaabaGaamyyaaqdcqGHRiI8aOGaeyypa0JaaGimaaaa@4914@</annotation>
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</math>, und erhält daraus die Behauptung.</p>
</td></tr></table>

<p>Nach 1. kann man eine Integration an einer beliebigen Stelle <i>c</i> trennen (<i>c</i> muss dabei nicht einmal zwischen <i>a</i> und <i>b</i> liegen!). Gelegentlich ergeben sich daraus Vorteile beim Integrieren. So läßt sich etwa das Integral <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mrow>
     <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>1</mn>
    </mrow>
    <mn>1</mn>
   </munderover>
   <mrow>
    <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em' mathsize='14pt'>&#x007C;</mo><mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em' mathsize='14pt'>&#x007C;</mo>
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  
 </mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qCaeaacaGG8bGaamiwaiaacYhaaSqaaiabgkHiTiaaigdaaeaacaaIXaaaniabgUIiYdaaaa@3D95@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> auch dann berechnen, wenn man keine Stammfunktion zu <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em' mathsize='14pt'>&#x007C;</mo><mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em' mathsize='14pt'>&#x007C;</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiiFaiaadIfacaGG8baaaa@38C9@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> findet. Spaltet man nämlich die Integration in 0 auf, so ergibt sich</p>
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mrow>
     <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>1</mn>
    </mrow>
    <mn>1</mn>
   </munderover>
   <mrow>
    <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em' mathsize='14pt'>&#x007C;</mo><mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em' mathsize='14pt'>&#x007C;</mo>
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  <mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mrow><munderover>
   <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
   <mrow>
    <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>1</mn>
   </mrow>
   <mn>0</mn>
  </munderover>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em' mathsize='14pt'>&#x007C;</mo><mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em' mathsize='14pt'>&#x007C;</mo>
  </mrow>
 </mrow>
 <mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>+</mo><mrow><munderover>
  <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
  <mn>0</mn>
  <mn>1</mn>
 </munderover>
 <mrow>
  <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em' mathsize='14pt'>&#x007C;</mo><mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em' mathsize='14pt'>&#x007C;</mo>
 </mrow>
</mrow>
<mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mrow><munderover>
 <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
 <mrow>
  <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>1</mn>
 </mrow>
 <mn>0</mn>
</munderover>
<mrow>
 <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>+</mo><mrow><munderover>
 <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
 <mn>0</mn>
 <mn>1</mn>
</munderover>
<mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
</mrow>
<mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mfrac>
 <mn>1</mn>
 <mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
<msup>
 <mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
 <mn>2</mn>
</msup><mrow>
<mrow><mphantom><mspace width='0pt' height='12pt'/></mphantom>
<msubsup>
 <mo stretchy='true' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
 <mrow>
  <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>1</mn>
 </mrow>
 <mn>0</mn>
</msubsup></mrow>
<mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>+</mo></mrow><mfrac>
 <mn>1</mn>
 <mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
<msup>
 <mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
 <mn>2</mn>
</msup><mrow>
<mrow><mphantom><mspace width='0pt' height='12pt'/></mphantom>
<msubsup>
 <mo stretchy='true' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
 <mn>0</mn>
 <mn>1</mn>
</msubsup></mrow>
<mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=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@6CD3@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>.
</div>

<p>Mit den nächsten Rechenregeln (<i>Integrale sind in den Integranden linear</i>) übertragen wir einige Ableitungsregeln, und zwar die Summen-, die Differenz- und die Faktorregel.</p>
<table class="main"><tr><td class="main">

<p><u><b>Bemerkung:</b></u> &#160;<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>f</mi><mo>,</mo><msub>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mn>1</mn>
   </msub>
   <mo>,</mo><msub>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mn>2</mn>
   </msub>
   
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzaiaacYcacaWGMbWaaSbaaSqaaiaaigdaaeqaaOGaaiilaiaadAgadaWgaaWcbaGaaGOmaaqabaaaaa@3BE6@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> seien integrierbare Funktionen auf <i>I</i> und <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>c</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><mi>&#x211D;</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4yaiabgIGiolabl2riHcaa@39C8@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>. Dann gilt für alle <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>a</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><mi>I</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamyyaiaacYcacaWGIbGaeyicI4Saamysaaaa@3ABB@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>:</p>

<table><tr><td class="def">
<ol start="1" style="margin-bottom:2">
<li><p><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mrow>
    <msub>
     <mi>f</mi>
     <mn>1</mn>
    </msub>
    <mo>+</mo><msub>
     <mi>f</mi>
     <mn>2</mn>
    </msub>
    <mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo>
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  <mrow><munderover>
   <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
   <mi>a</mi>
   <mi>b</mi>
  </munderover>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mn>1</mn>
   </msub>
   
  </mrow>
 </mrow>
 <mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>+</mo><mrow><munderover>
  <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
  <mi>a</mi>
  <mi>b</mi>
 </munderover>
 <mrow>
  <msub>
   <mi>f</mi>
   <mn>2</mn>
  </msub>
  
 </mrow>
</mrow>

</mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qCaeaacaWGMbWaaSbaaSqaaiaaigdaaeqaaOGaey4kaSIaamOzamaaBaaaleaacaaIYaaabeaakiabg2da9aWcbaGaamyyaaqaaiaadkgaa0Gaey4kIipakmaapehabaGaamOzamaaBaaaleaacaaIXaaabeaaaeaacaWGHbaabaGaamOyaaqdcqGHRiI8aOGaey4kaSYaa8qCaeaacaWGMbWaaSbaaSqaaiaaikdaaeqaaaqaaiaadggaaeaacaWGIbaaniabgUIiYdaaaa@4CB4@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math></p>
</li>
</ol>
</td><td class="num" width="80px">
<span class="num"><a name="5">[8.2.5]</a></span></td></tr>
<tr><td class="def">
<ol start="2" style="margin-bottom:2">
<li><p><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mrow>
    <msub>
     <mi>f</mi>
     <mn>1</mn>
    </msub>
    <mo>&#x2212;</mo><msub>
     <mi>f</mi>
     <mn>2</mn>
    </msub>
    <mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo>
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  <mrow><munderover>
   <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
   <mi>a</mi>
   <mi>b</mi>
  </munderover>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mn>1</mn>
   </msub>
   
  </mrow>
 </mrow>
 <mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>&#x2212;</mo><mrow><munderover>
  <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
  <mi>a</mi>
  <mi>b</mi>
 </munderover>
 <mrow>
  <msub>
   <mi>f</mi>
   <mn>2</mn>
  </msub>
  
 </mrow>
</mrow>

</mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qCaeaacaWGMbWaaSbaaSqaaiaaigdaaeqaaOGaeyOeI0IaamOzamaaBaaaleaacaaIYaaabeaakiabg2da9aWcbaGaamyyaaqaaiaadkgaa0Gaey4kIipakmaapehabaGaamOzamaaBaaaleaacaaIXaaabeaaaeaacaWGHbaabaGaamOyaaqdcqGHRiI8aOGaeyOeI0Yaa8qCaeaacaWGMbWaaSbaaSqaaiaaikdaaeqaaaqaaiaadggaaeaacaWGIbaaniabgUIiYdaaaa@4CCA@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math></p>
</li>
</ol>
</td><td class="num" width="80px">
<span class="num"><a name="6">[8.2.6]</a></span></td></tr>
<tr><td class="def">
<ol start="3" style="margin-bottom:2">
<li><p><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mrow>
    <mi>c</mi><mspace width='0.1em'/><mi>f</mi><mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo>
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  <mi>c</mi><mrow><munderover>
   <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
   <mi>a</mi>
   <mi>b</mi>
  </munderover>
  <mi>f</mi>
 </mrow>
 
</mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qCaeaacaWGJbGaamOzaiabg2da9aWcbaGaamyyaaqaaiaadkgaa0Gaey4kIipakiaadogadaWdXbqaaiaadAgaaSqaaiaadggaaeaacaWGIbaaniabgUIiYdaaaa@430E@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math></p>
</li>
</ol>
</td><td class="num" width="80px">
<span class="num"><a name="7">[8.2.7]</a></span></td></tr>
</table>

<p class="beweis"><i>Beweis</i>: &#160;</p>
<p>1.&#160;<font size="2">&#9658;</font> &#160;Sind <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>g</mi>
    <mn>1</mn>
   </msub>
   
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4zamaaBaaaleaacaaIXaaabeaaaaa@37BF@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> und <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>g</mi>
    <mn>2</mn>
   </msub>
   
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4zamaaBaaaleaacaaIYaaabeaaaaa@37C0@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> Stammfunktionen zu <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mn>1</mn>
   </msub>
   
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzamaaBaaaleaacaaIXaaabeaaaaa@37BE@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> bzw. <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mn>2</mn>
   </msub>
   
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzamaaBaaaleaacaaIYaaabeaaaaa@37BF@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>, so ist nach <a class="ref" href="8_1.xml#6" target="_blank">[8.1.6]</a>&#160; <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>g</mi>
    <mn>1</mn>
   </msub>
   <mo>+</mo><msub>
    <mi>g</mi>
    <mn>2</mn>
   </msub>
   
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4zamaaBaaaleaacaaIXaaabeaakiabgUcaRiaadEgadaWgaaWcbaGaaGOmaaqabaaaaa@3A7F@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> eine Stammfunktion zu <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mn>1</mn>
   </msub>
   <mo>+</mo><msub>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mn>2</mn>
   </msub>
   
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzamaaBaaaleaacaaIXaaabeaakiabgUcaRiaadAgadaWgaaWcbaGaaGOmaaqabaaaaa@3A7D@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>. Daher hat man:</p>
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mrow>
    <msub>
     <mi>f</mi>
     <mn>1</mn>
    </msub>
    <mo>+</mo><msub>
     <mi>f</mi>
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    <mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo>
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  <mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo><msub>
   <mi>g</mi>
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  <mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>+</mo><msub>
   <mi>g</mi>
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  <mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><msub>
   <mi>g</mi>
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  <mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><msub>
   <mi>g</mi>
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  <mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo><msub>
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   <mo stretchy='true' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
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  <mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mrow><munderover>
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    <mi>f</mi>
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   <mi>f</mi>
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<p>2. und 3. <font size="2">&#9658;</font> &#160;ergeben sich in ähnlicher Weise aus <a class="ref" href="8_1.xml#7" target="_blank">[8.1.7]<span style="color:black;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:12pt"> bzw. </span>[8.1.8]</a>.</p>
</td></tr></table>

<p><span class="num" style="color:black"><tt>Beachte</tt>:</span></p>
<ul>  
 <li>
<p>Polynome dürfen nach diesen drei Regeln also <i>summandenweise</i> integriert werden:</p>
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  <mo>=</mo><munderover>
   <mo stretchy='false'>&#x2211;</mo>
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    <mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn>
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   <mi>n</mi>
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  <mrow>
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    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>i</mi>
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   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mrow>
    <msup>
     <mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
     <mi>i</mi>
    </msup>
    
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  
 </mrow>
 <mo>=</mo><munderover>
  <mo stretchy='false'>&#x2211;</mo>
  <mrow>
   <mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn>
  </mrow>
  <mi>n</mi>
 </munderover>
 <mrow>
  <mfrac>
   <mrow>
    <msub>
     <mi>a</mi>
     <mi>i</mi>
    </msub>
    
   </mrow>
   <mrow>
    <mi>i</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn>
   </mrow>
  </mfrac>
  
 </mrow><mrow>
 <msup>
  <mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
  <mrow>
   <mi>i</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn>
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 </msup>
 <mrow><mphantom><mspace width='0pt' height='12pt'/></mphantom>
 <msubsup>
  <mo stretchy='true' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
  <mi>a</mi>
  <mi>b</mi>
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<p>So ist z.B. <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
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   <mrow><munderover>
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    <mn>1</mn>
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   <mrow>
    <mn>8</mn><msup>
     <mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
     <mn>3</mn>
    </msup>
    <mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><msup>
     <mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
     <mn>2</mn>
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    <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>3</mn>
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  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo><mfrac>
   <mn>8</mn>
   <mn>4</mn>
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  <msup>
   <mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
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   <mo stretchy='true' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
   <mn>0</mn>
   <mn>1</mn>
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  <mo>+</mo><mfrac>
   <mn>2</mn>
   <mn>3</mn>
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  <msup>
   <mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
   <mn>3</mn>
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  <mrow><mphantom><mspace width='0pt' height='12pt'/></mphantom>
  <msubsup>
   <mo stretchy='true' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
   <mn>0</mn>
   <mn>1</mn>
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  <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>3</mn><mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
  <mrow><mphantom><mspace width='0pt' height='12pt'/></mphantom>
  <msubsup>
   <mo stretchy='true' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
   <mn>0</mn>
   <mn>1</mn>
  </msubsup></mrow></mrow>
  <mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo><mfrac>
   <mn>2</mn>
   <mn>3</mn>
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  <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>=</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mfrac>
   <mn>1</mn>
   <mn>3</mn>
  </mfrac>
  
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</math>.</p>
 </li>
</ul>
<p>Produkt- und Kettenregel sind ebenfalls übertragbar. Die dabei gewonnenen Integrationsregeln behandeln wir im nächsten Abschnitt.</p>
<p>Über den Mittelwertsatz, einem zentralen Satz der Differentialrechnung, ließen sich etliche Eigenschaften differenzierbarer Funktionen nachweisen. Wir erwarten also von einer Integralversion dieses Satzes ähnliche starke Ergebnisse.</p>

<table class="main"><tr><td class="main">

<p><u><b>Satz&#160;(</b><i>Mittelwertsatz,&#160;Integralversion</i><b>):</b></u> &#160;Ist <i>f</i> eine integrierbare Funktion auf <i>I</i>, also <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
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</math>, so gibt es zu je zwei verschiedenen Punkten <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>a</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><mi>I</mi>
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</math> ein <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
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   <mo>&#x02DC;</mo>
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 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGabmiEayaaiaaaaa@36F5@</annotation>
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</math> zwischen <i>a</i> und <i>b</i>, so dass</p>

<table><tr><td class="def">
 <div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
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    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
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   <mi>f</mi>
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  <mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>&#x22C5;</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mover accent='true'>
   <mi>x</mi>
   <mo>&#x02DC;</mo>
  </mover>
  <mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
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<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
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</math> 
 </div></td><td class="num" width="80px">
<span class="num"><a name="8">[8.2.8]</a></span></td></tr></table>

<p class="beweis"><i>Beweis</i>: &#160;Sei <i>g</i> eine Stammfunktion zu <i>f</i>. <i>g</i> ist auf <i>I</i> differenzierbar mit <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>g</mi><mo>=</mo><msup>
    <mi>f</mi>
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  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
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</semantics></mstyle>
</math>. Daher gibt es gemäß Mittelwertsatz <a class="ref" href="../Differentialrechnung/7_9.xml#5" target="_blank">[7.9.5]</a> ein <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mover accent='true'>
   <mi>x</mi>
   <mo>&#x02DC;</mo>
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 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGabmiEayaaiaaaaa@36F5@</annotation>
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</math> zwischen <i>a</i> und <i>b</i>, so dass </p>
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
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   <mi>f</mi>
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   <mi>b</mi>
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  <mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>&#x22C5;</mo><msup>
   <mi>g</mi>
   <mo>&#x2032;</mo>
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  <mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mover accent='true'>
   <mi>x</mi>
   <mo>&#x02DC;</mo>
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  <mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>&#x22C5;</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mover accent='true'>
   <mi>x</mi>
   <mo>&#x02DC;</mo>
  </mover>
  <mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
  </mrow></mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qCaeaacaWGMbaaleaacaWGHbaabaGaamOyaaqdcqGHRiI8aOGaeyypa0Jaam4zaiaacYhadaqhaaWcbaGaamyyaaqaaiaadkgaaaGccqGH9aqpcaWGNbGaaiikaiaadkgacaGGPaGaeyOeI0Iaam4zaiaacIcacaWGHbGaaiykaiabg2da9iaacIcacaWGIbGaeyOeI0IaamyyaiaacMcacqGHflY1ceWGNbGbauaacaGGOaGabmiEayaaiaGaaiykaiabg2da9iaacIcacaWGIbGaeyOeI0IaamyyaiaacMcacqGHflY1caWGMbGaaiikaiqadIhagaacaiaacMcaaaa@5DCA@</annotation>
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</math>
</div>
</td></tr></table>
<p><span class="num" style="color:black"><tt>Beachte</tt>:</span></p>
<ul>  
 <li>
<p>Der Beweis zu <a class="ref" href="#8">[8.2.8]</a> besteht eigentlich nur aus dem Nachweis der Implikation</p>
<div>
Mittelwertsatz in der Differentialversion<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
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   <mtext>&#x2003;</mtext><mo>&#x21D2;</mo><mtext>&#x2003;</mtext>
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 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaGzbVlabgkDiElaaywW7aaa@3B65@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>Mittelwertsatz in der Integralversion
</div>
<p>Tatsächlich sind die beiden Versionen sogar äquivalent, denn die Umkehrung</p>
<div>
Mittelwersatz in der Integralversion<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mtext>&#x2003;</mtext><mo>&#x21D2;</mo><mtext>&#x2003;</mtext>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaGzbVlabgkDiElaaywW7aaa@3B65@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>Mittelwertsatz in der Differentialversion
</div>
<p>ist ebenfalls gültig.</p>
<p><i>Beweis</i>: &#160;<span id="text1" style="cursor:pointer; color:red; size:14pt" onclick="document.getElementById('text1').style.display='none';document.getElementById('text2').style.display='inline'"><b>?</b>
<!--########## dient nur der Einstellung der richtigen Höhe (ohne Wackeln) #################-->
<span style="visibility:hidden">
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>f</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><msup>
    <mi mathvariant='script'>D</mi>
    <mn>1</mn>
   </msup>
   <mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>[</mo><mi>a</mi><mo rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>]</mo><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzaiabgIGiolaadseadaahaaWcbeqaaiaaigdaaaGccaGGOaGaai4waiaadggacaGGSaGaamOyaiaac2facaGGPaaaaa@3FAC@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math></span>
<!--####################-->
<br/>&#160;</span><span id="text2" style="display:none; white-space:normal" onclick="document.getElementById('text2').style.display='none';document.getElementById('text1').style.display='inline'">Ist <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>f</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><msup>
    <mi mathvariant='script'>D</mi>
    <mn>1</mn>
   </msup>
   <mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>[</mo><mi>a</mi><mo rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>]</mo><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzaiabgIGiolaadseadaahaaWcbeqaaiaaigdaaaGccaGGOaGaai4waiaadggacaGGSaGaamOyaiaac2facaGGPaaaaa@3FAC@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>, so ist <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msup>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mo>&#x2032;</mo>
   </msup><mo>&#x2208;</mo><mi mathvariant='script'>I</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>[</mo><mi>a</mi><mo rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>]</mo><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGabmOzayaafaGaeyicI4SaamysaiaacIcacaGGBbGaamyyaiaacYcacaWGIbGaaiyxaiaacMcaaaa@3ECB@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>. Nach <a class="ref" href="#8">[8.2.8]</a> gibt es also ein <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mover accent='true'>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mo>&#x02DC;</mo>
   </mover>
   <mo>&#x2208;</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>]</mo><mi>a</mi><mo rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>[</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGabmiEayaaiaGaeyicI4SaaiyxaiaadggacaGGSaGaamOyaiaacUfaaaa@3CB9@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> mit<br/>&#160;
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow><mrow>
   <mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mi>f</mi>
   <mrow><mphantom><mspace width='0pt' height='12pt'/></mphantom>
   <msubsup>
    <mo stretchy='true' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </msubsup></mrow></mrow>
   <mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <msup>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mo>&#x2032;</mo>
   </msup>
   
  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>&#x22C5;</mo><msup>
   <mi>f</mi>
   <mo>&#x2032;</mo>
  </msup>
  <mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mover accent='true'>
   <mi>x</mi>
   <mo>&#x02DC;</mo>
  </mover>
  <mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
 </mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzaiaacIcacaWGIbGaaiykaiabgkHiTiaadAgacaGGOaGaamyyaiaacMcacqGH9aqpcaWGMbGaaiiFamaaDaaaleaacaWGHbaabaGaamOyaaaakiabg2da9maapehabaGabmOzayaafaaaleaacaWGHbaabaGaamOyaaqdcqGHRiI8aOGaeyypa0JaaiikaiaadkgacqGHsislcaWGHbGaaiykaiabgwSixlqadAgagaqbaiaacIcaceWG4bGbaGaacaGGPaaaaa@531F@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>
</div><br/>&#160;
</span></p>
 </li>
</ul>

<p>In seiner Integralversion <a class="ref" href="#8">[8.2.8]</a> zeigt der Mittelwertsatz, wie sich Eigenschaften von Funktionen auf ihre Integrale auswirken. So garantiert er z.B. die Monotonie des Integrierens.</p>
<table class="main"><tr><td class="main">

<p><u><b>Bemerkung:</b></u> &#160;Für alle <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>f</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><mi mathvariant='script'>I</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>[</mo><mi>a</mi><mo rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.1em' rspace='0.1em'>]</mo><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzaiaacYcacaWGNbGaeyicI4SaamysaiaacIcacaGGBbGaamyyaiaacYcacaWGIbGaaiyxaiaacMcaaaa@405B@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> gilt:</p>

<table><tr><td class="def">
<ol start="1" style="margin-bottom:2">
<li>
<p><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mn>0</mn><mo>&#x2264;</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mtext>&#160; f&#x00FC;r alle &#160;</mtext><mi>x</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>]</mo><mi>a</mi><mo rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>[</mo><mtext>&#x2003;</mtext><mo>&#x21D2;</mo><mtext>&#x2003;</mtext><mn>0</mn><mo>&#x2264;</mo><mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mi>f</mi>
  </mrow>
  
 </mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaGimaiabgsMiJkaadAgacaGGOaGaamiEaiaacMcacaqGMbGaaei=aiaabkhacaqGGaGaaeyyaiaabYgacaqGSbGaaeyzaiaadIhacqGHiiIZcaGGDbGaamyyaiaacYcacaWGIbGaai4waiaaywW7cqGHshI3caaMf8UaaGimaiabgsMiJoaapehabaGaamOzaaWcbaGaamyyaaqaaiaadkgaa0Gaey4kIipaaaa@570D@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math></p>
</li>
</ol></td><td class="num" width="80px">
<span class="num"><a name="9">[8.2.9]</a></span></td></tr>
<tr><td class="def">
<ol start="2" style="margin-bottom:2">
<li>
<p><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>&#x2264;</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mtext>&#160; f&#x00FC;r alle &#160;</mtext><mi>x</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>]</mo><mi>a</mi><mo rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>[</mo><mtext>&#x2003;</mtext><mo>&#x21D2;</mo><mtext>&#x2003;</mtext><mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mi>f</mi>
  </mrow>
  <mo rspace='0.3em' lspace='0.3em'>&#x2264;</mo><mrow><munderover>
   <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
   <mi>a</mi>
   <mi>b</mi>
  </munderover>
  <mi>g</mi>
 </mrow>
 
</mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzaiaacIcacaWG4bGaaiykaiabgsMiJkaadEgacaGGOaGaamiEaiaacMcacaqGMbGaaei=aiaabkhacaqGGaGaaeyyaiaabYgacaqGSbGaaeyzaiaadIhacqGHiiIZcaGGDbGaamyyaiaacYcacaWGIbGaai4waiaaywW7cqGHshI3caaMf8+aa8qCaeaacaWGMbaaleaacaWGHbaabaGaamOyaaqdcqGHRiI8aOGaeyizIm6aa8qCaeaacaWGNbaaleaacaWGHbaabaGaamOyaaqdcqGHRiI8aaaa@5E07@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math></p>
</li>
</ol></td><td class="num" width="80px">
<span class="num"><a name="10">[8.2.10]</a></span></td></tr>
</table>

<p class="beweis"><i>Beweis</i>: &#160;</p>
<p>1.&#160;<font size="2">&#9658;</font> &#160;Nach Mittelwertsatz <a class="ref" href="#8">[8.2.8]</a> gibt es ein <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mover accent='true'>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mo>&#x02DC;</mo>
   </mover>
   <mo>&#x2208;</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>]</mo><mi>a</mi><mo rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>[</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGabmiEayaaiaGaeyicI4SaaiyxaiaadggacaGGSaGaamOyaiaacUfaaaa@3CB9@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>, so dass</p>
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mi>f</mi>
  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo><munder>
   <munder>
    <mrow>
     <mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
    </mrow>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#xFE38;</mo>
   </munder>
   <mrow>
    <mo>&#x003E;</mo><mn>0</mn>
   </mrow>
  </munder>
  <mo>&#x22C5;</mo><munder>
   <munder>
    <mrow>
     <mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mover accent='true'>
      <mi>x</mi>
      <mo>&#x02DC;</mo>
     </mover>
     <mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
    </mrow>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#xFE38;</mo>
   </munder>
   <mrow>
    <mo>&#x2265;</mo><mn>0</mn>
   </mrow>
  </munder>
  <mo>&#x2265;</mo><mn>0</mn>
 </mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qCaeaacaWGMbaaleaacaWGHbaabaGaamOyaaqdcqGHRiI8aOGaeyypa0ZaaGbaaeaacaGGOaGaamOyaiabgkHiTiaadggacaGGPaaaleaacqGH+aGpcaaIWaaakiaawIJ=aiabgwSixpaayaaabaGaamOzaiaacIcaceWG4bGbaGaacaGGPaaaleaacqGHLjYScaaIWaaakiaawIJ=aiabgwMiZkaaicdaaaa@508C@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>
</div>
<p>2.&#160;<font size="2">&#9658;</font> &#160;Nach Voraussetzung ist <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mn>0</mn><mo>&#x2264;</mo><mi>g</mi><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mtext>&#160; f&#x00FC;r alle &#160;</mtext><mi>x</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>]</mo><mi>a</mi><mo rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>[</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaGimaiabgsMiJkaadEgacqGHsislcaWGMbGaaiikaiaadIhacaGGPaGaaeOzaiaabYpacaqGYbGaaeiiaiaabggacaqGSbGaaeiBaiaabwgacaWG4bGaeyicI4SaaiyxaiaadggacaGGSaGaamOyaiaacUfaaaa@4BDD@</annotation>
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</math>. Für die integrierbare (<a class="ref" href="8_1.xml#7" target="_blank">[8.1.7]</a>) Funktion <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>g</mi><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>f</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4zaiabgkHiTiaadAgaaaa@38B0@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> gilt daher nach 1.</p>
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mn>0</mn><mo>&#x2264;</mo><mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mrow>
    <mi>g</mi><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>f</mi>
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  <mo rspace='0.3em' lspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mrow><munderover>
   <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
   <mi>a</mi>
   <mi>b</mi>
  </munderover>
  <mi>g</mi>
 </mrow>
 <mo rspace='0.3em' lspace='0.3em'>&#x2212;</mo><mrow><munderover>
  <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
  <mi>a</mi>
  <mi>b</mi>
 </munderover>
 <mi>f</mi>
</mrow>

</mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
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</math>
</div>
<p>Damit aber ist <a class="ref" href="#10">[8.2.10]</a> gezeigt.</p>
</td></tr></table>

<p>Durch die Beweisführung ist klar, dass beide Aussagen gültig bleiben, wenn man <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mo>&#x2264;</mo>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
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</semantics></mstyle>
</math> durch <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mo>&#x003C;</mo>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeyipaWdaaa@36F0@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> ersetzt. Das Integrieren ist also sogar streng monoton.</p>
<p>Über die Monotonie des Integrals erhalten wird eine wichtige Abschätzung, die für stetige Funktionen die Vertauschbarkeit von Integral und Betrag regelt.</p>
<table class="main"><tr><td class="main">

<p><u><b>Bemerkung:</b></u> &#160;Für alle <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>f</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><msup>
    <mi mathvariant='script'>C</mi>
    <mn>0</mn>
   </msup>
   <mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>[</mo><mi>a</mi><mo rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>]</mo><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzaiabgIGiolaadoeadaahaaWcbeqaaiaaicdaaaGccaGGOaGaai4waiaadggacaGGSaGaamOyaiaac2facaGGPaaaaa@3FAA@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> ist</p>

<table><tr><td class="def">
 <div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='-0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mi>f</mi>
  </mrow>
  <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mo rspace='0.3em' lspace='0.3em'>&#x2264;</mo><mrow><munderover>
   <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
   <mi>a</mi>
   <mi>b</mi>
  </munderover>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
  </mrow>
 </mrow>
 
</mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
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</semantics></mstyle>
</math> 
 </div></td><td class="num" width="80px">
<span class="num"><a name="11">[8.2.11]</a></span></td></tr></table>

<p class="beweis"><i>Beweis</i>: &#160;Man beachte zunächst, dass <i>f</i> und <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiiFaiaadAgacaGG8baaaa@38D7@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> als stetige Funktionen auf einem Intervall integrierbar sind. Da aber <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mo>&#x2264;</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>&#x2264;</mo><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeyOeI0IaaiiFaiaadAgacaGGOaGaamiEaiaacMcacaGG8bGaeyizImQaamOzaiaacIcacaWG4bGaaiykaiabgsMiJkaacYhacaWGMbGaaiikaiaadIhacaGGPaGaaiiFaaaa@4806@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> für alle <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>x</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>]</mo><mi>a</mi><mo rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em' lspace='0.1em'>[</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamiEaiabgIGiolaac2facaWGHbGaaiilaiaadkgacaGGBbaaaa@3CAA@</annotation>
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</math>, folgt mit <a class="ref" href="#10">[8.2.10]</a>:</p>
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='true'>&#x2212;</mo><mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mrow>
    <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  <mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mrow><munderover>
   <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
   <mi>a</mi>
   <mi>b</mi>
  </munderover>
  <mrow>
   <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
  </mrow>
 </mrow>
 <mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>&#x2264;</mo><mrow><munderover>
  <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
  <mi>a</mi>
  <mi>b</mi>
 </munderover>
 <mi>f</mi>
</mrow>
<mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>&#x2264;</mo><mrow><munderover>
 <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
 <mi>a</mi>
 <mi>b</mi>
</munderover>
<mrow>
 <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>

</mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
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</semantics></mstyle>
</math>
</div>
<p>Das ist die Behauptung.<span class="inf" style="white-space:normal" onmouseover="if(active1==0){position('tip1','tab1',event.clientX,event.clientY); document.getElementById('tip1').className='tooltip_v'};active1=1">
<img class="inf" style="margin-left:3px; margin-right:3px" src="../info.gif" width="10" height="10"/></span>
<span id="tip1" class="tooltip_h">
<table id="tab1" border="0" style="width:260px" ><tr><td onmousedown="x0=event.clientX;y0=event.clientY;fix('tip1')" onmouseup="drag=0" style="border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-color:blue; font-family:monospace"><p style="cursor: move; color:blue; margin-top:-5px; margin-bottom:0px; size:12pt; font-weight:bold">&#160;i</p><img onclick="active1=0;document.getElementById('tip1').className='tooltip_h'" src="../close.gif" width="10" height="10" style="float: right; margin-top:-15px"/></td></tr>
<tr><td>
<p style="white-space:normal">Wir greifen hier auf eine Eigenschaft des Betrags zurück: Eine Zahl <i>x</i> hat genau dann einen Nullabstand von höchstens <i>r</i> wenn sie zwischen &#x2212;<i>r</i> und <i>r</i> liegt, d.h.</p>
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mo>&#x2264;</mo><mi>r</mi><mtext>&#x2003;</mtext><mo>&#x21D4;</mo><mtext>&#x2003;</mtext><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>r</mi><mo>&#x2264;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>&#x2264;</mo><mi>r</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
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</semantics></mstyle>
</math>
</div>
</td></tr></table>
</span></p>
</td></tr></table>

<p><span class="num" style="color:black"><tt>Beachte</tt>:</span></p>
<ul>  
 <li>
<p>Die Abschätzung <a class="ref" href="#11">[8.2.11]</a> kann i.a. nicht zu = verschärft werden. So ist etwa, wie weiter oben gesehen, <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mrow>
     <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>1</mn>
    </mrow>
    <mn>1</mn>
   </munderover>
   <mrow>
    <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em' mathsize='14pt'>&#x007C;</mo><mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em' mathsize='14pt'>&#x007C;</mo>
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  <mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mn>1</mn>
 </mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qCaeaacaGG8bGaamiwaiaacYhaaSqaaiabgkHiTiaaigdaaeaacaaIXaaaniabgUIiYdGccqGH9aqpcaaIXaaaaa@3F60@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>, aber&#160; <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='-0.2em' mathsize='14pt'>&#x007C;</mo><mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mrow>
     <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>1</mn>
    </mrow>
    <mn>1</mn>
   </munderover>
   <mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
  </mrow>
  <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em' mathsize='14pt'>&#x007C;</mo><mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mn>0</mn>
 </mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiiFamaapehabaGaamiwaaWcbaGaeyOeI0IaaGymaaqaaiaaigdaa0Gaey4kIipakiaacYhacqGH9aqpcaaIWaaaaa@3F5F@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>.</p>
<p>Hat jedoch <i>f</i> auf <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em'>[</mo><mi>a</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.1em'>]</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaai4waiaadggacaGGSaGaamOyaiaac2faaaa@3A29@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> ein <i>einheitliches Vorzeichen</i>, also <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>&#x2265;</mo><mn>0</mn>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzaiaacIcacaWG4bGaaiykaiabgwMiZkaaicdaaaa@3BAD@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> bzw. <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>&#x2264;</mo><mn>0</mn>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzaiaacIcacaWG4bGaaiykaiabgsMiJkaaicdaaaa@3B9C@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> für alle <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>x</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em'>[</mo><mi>a</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.1em'>]</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamiEaiabgIGiolaacUfacaWGHbGaaiilaiaadkgacaGGDbaaaa@3CAA@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>, so gilt in <a class="ref" href="#11">[8.2.11]</a> die Gleichheit:</p>
<table style="margin-left:-50px" border="0"><tr><td>
<div style="margin-left:48px">
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='-0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mi>f</mi>
  </mrow>
  <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mrow><munderover>
   <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
   <mi>a</mi>
   <mi>b</mi>
  </munderover>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
  </mrow>
 </mrow>
 
</mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiiFamaapehabaGaamOzaaWcbaGaamyyaaqaaiaadkgaa0Gaey4kIipakiaacYhacqGH9aqpdaWdXbqaaiaacYhacaWGMbGaaiiFaaWcbaGaamyyaaqaaiaadkgaa0Gaey4kIipaaaa@453E@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>
</div></td><td class="num" width="80px">
<span class="num"><a name="12">[8.2.12]</a></span></td></tr></table>
<p class="beweis"><i>Beweis</i>: &#160;Mit <a class="ref" href="#10">[8.2.10]</a> hat man:</p>
<p>1.&#160;<font size="2">&#9658;</font> &#160;<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>&#x2265;</mo><mn>0</mn>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzaiaacIcacaWG4bGaaiykaiabgwMiZkaaicdaaaa@3BAD@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> für alle <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>x</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em'>[</mo><mi>a</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.1em'>]</mo><mtext>&#x2003;</mtext><mo>&#x21D2;</mo><mtext>&#x2003;</mtext><mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mi>f</mi>
  </mrow>
  <mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>&#x2265;</mo><mn>0</mn>
 </mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamiEaiabgIGiolaacUfacaWGHbGaaiilaiaadkgacaGGDbGaaGzbVlabgkDiElaaywW7daWdXbqaaiaadAgaaSqaaiaadggaaeaacaWGIbaaniabgUIiYdGccqGHLjYScaaIWaaaaa@49CE@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>, also: <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='-0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mi>f</mi>
  </mrow>
  <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mrow><munderover>
   <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
   <mi>a</mi>
   <mi>b</mi>
  </munderover>
  <mi>f</mi>
 </mrow>
 <mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mrow><munderover>
  <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
  <mi>a</mi>
  <mi>b</mi>
 </munderover>
 <mrow>
  <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
 </mrow>
</mrow>

</mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiiFamaapehabaGaamOzaaWcbaGaamyyaaqaaiaadkgaa0Gaey4kIipakiaacYhacqGH9aqpdaWdXbqaaiaadAgaaSqaaiaadggaaeaacaWGIbaaniabgUIiYdGccqGH9aqpdaWdXbqaaiaacYhacaWGMbGaaiiFaaWcbaGaamyyaaqaaiaadkgaa0Gaey4kIipaaaa@4B6F@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math></p>
<p>2.&#160;<font size="2">&#9658;</font> &#160;<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>&#x2264;</mo><mn>0</mn>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzaiaacIcacaWG4bGaaiykaiabgsMiJkaaicdaaaa@3B9C@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> für alle <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>x</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.1em'>[</mo><mi>a</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.1em'>]</mo><mtext>&#x2003;</mtext><mo>&#x21D2;</mo><mtext>&#x2003;</mtext><mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mi>f</mi>
  </mrow>
  <mo>&#x2264;</mo><mn>0</mn>
 </mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamiEaiabgIGiolaacUfacaWGHbGaaiilaiaadkgacaGGDbGaaGzbVlabgkDiElaaywW7daWdXbqaaiaadAgaaSqaaiaadggaaeaacaWGIbaaniabgUIiYdGccqGHKjYOcaaIWaaaaa@49BD@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>, also: <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='-0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mi>f</mi>
  </mrow>
  <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mrow><munderover>
   <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
   <mi>a</mi>
   <mi>b</mi>
  </munderover>
  <mi>f</mi>
 </mrow>
 <mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mrow><munderover>
  <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
  <mi>a</mi>
  <mi>b</mi>
 </munderover>
 <mrow>
  <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>f</mi>
 </mrow>
</mrow>
<mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mrow><munderover>
 <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
 <mi>a</mi>
 <mi>b</mi>
</munderover>
<mrow>
 <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>

</mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiiFamaapehabaGaamOzaaWcbaGaamyyaaqaaiaadkgaa0Gaey4kIipakiaacYhacqGH9aqpcqGHsisldaWdXbqaaiaadAgaaSqaaiaadggaaeaacaWGIbaaniabgUIiYdGccqGH9aqpdaWdXbqaaiabgkHiTiaadAgaaSqaaiaadggaaeaacaWGIbaaniabgUIiYdGccqGH9aqpdaWdXbqaaiaacYhacaWGMbGaaiiFaaWcbaGaamyyaaqaaiaadkgaa0Gaey4kIipaaaa@537A@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math></p>
 </li><br/>&#160;
</ul>

<p>Der folgende Satz beschreibt eine zentrale Verbindungstelle zwischen der Differential- und der Integralrechnung. Bei Vorliegen geeigneter Techniken ermöglicht er zudem das <i>Berechnen</i> von Stammfunktionen. Dadurch wird die die Trivialität "Zum Integrieren muss man das Finden von Stammfunktionen beherrschen" auf den Kopf gestellt: "Wer Stammfunktionen sucht, muss gut integrieren können".</p>
<table class="main"><tr><td class="main">

<p><u><b>Satz&#160;(</b><i>Hauptsatz&#160;der&#160;Differential-&#160;und&#160;Integralrechnung</i><b>):</b></u> &#160;Ist <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>f</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><mi mathvariant='script'>I</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzaiabgIGiolaadMeacaGGOaGaamysaiaacMcaaaa@3B50@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> eine integrierbare Funktion auf <i>I</i>, so ist für jedes <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>c</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><mi>I</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4yaiabgIGiolaadMeaaaa@3926@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> die Funktion <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>g</mi><mo>:</mo><mi>I</mi><mo>&#x2192;</mo><mi>&#x211D;</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4zaiaacQdacaWGjbGaeyOKH4QaeSyhHekaaa@3BC1@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> gegeben durch</p>

<table><tr><td class="def">
 <div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>g</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em' fontsize='13pt'>&#x2254;</mo><mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>c</mi>
    <mi>x</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mi>f</mi>
  </mrow>
  
 </mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4zaiaacIcacaWG4bGaaiykaiabg2da9maapehabaGaamOzaaWcbaGaam4yaaqaaiaadIhaa0Gaey4kIipaaaa@3F6D@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> 
 </div></td><td class="num" width="80px">
<span class="num"><a name="13">[8.2.13]</a></span></td></tr></table>
<p>eine Stammfunktion zu <i>f</i>.</p>
<p class="beweis"><i>Beweis</i>: &#160;Sei <i>h</i> irgendeine Stammfunktion zu <i>f</i>. Dann hat man:</p>
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>g</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>c</mi>
    <mi>x</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mi>f</mi>
  </mrow><mrow>
  <mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mi>h</mi>
  <mrow><mphantom><mspace width='0pt' height='12pt'/></mphantom>
  <msubsup>
   <mo stretchy='true' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
   <mi>c</mi>
   <mi>x</mi>
  </msubsup></mrow>
  <mo lspace='0.3em' rspace='0.3em'>=</mo><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
 </mrow></mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4zaiaacIcacaWG4bGaaiykaiabg2da9maapehabaGaamOzaaWcbaGaam4yaaqaaiaadIhaa0Gaey4kIipakiabg2da9iaadIgacaGG8bWaa0baaSqaaiaadogaaeaacaWG4baaaOGaeyypa0JaamiAaiaacIcacaWG4bGaaiykaiabgkHiTiaadIgacaGGOaGaam4yaiaacMcaaaa@4CEA@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>
</div>
<p>Mit <i>h</i> ist aber auch <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>g</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>h</mi><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4zaiabg2da9iaadIgacqGHsislcaWGObGaaiikaiaadogacaGGPaaaaa@3CE6@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> eine Stammfunktion zu <i>f</i>, denn <i>g</i> und <i>h</i> unterscheiden sich nur durch eine additive Konstante.</p>
</td></tr></table>

<p><span class="num" style="color:black"><tt>Beachte</tt>:</span></p>
<ul>  
 <li>
<p>Als eine Stammfunktion ist die Funktion <i>g</i> aus <a class="ref" href="#13">[8.2.13]</a> natürlich differenzierbar. Oft drückt man dies durch die Bemerkung <i>Das Integral ist in der oberen Grenze differenzierbar</i> aus.</p>
 </li>
 <li>
<p>Notiert man die Funktion <i>g</i> in der plakativen Form <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>c</mi>
    <mrow></mrow>
   </munderover>
   <mi>f</mi>
  </mrow>
  
 </mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qCaeaacaWGMbaaleaacaWGJbaabaaaniabgUIiYdaaaa@3A28@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>, so wird die zu Beginn angedeutete Nähe zum unbestimmten Integral deutlich und in der Formulierung <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>c</mi>
    <mrow></mrow>
   </munderover>
   <mi>f</mi>
  </mrow>
  <msup>
   <mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
   <mo>&#x2032;</mo>
  </msup>
  <mo>=</mo><mi>f</mi>
 </mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiikamaapehabaGaamOzaaWcbaGaam4yaaqaaaqdcqGHRiI8aOGabiykayaafaGaeyypa0JaamOzaaaa@3D88@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> bestätigt der Hauptsatz <a class="ref" href="#13">[8.2.13]</a> (zusammen mit <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>c</mi>
    <mrow></mrow>
   </munderover>
   <mrow>
    <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.3em'>(</mo><msup>
     <mi>f</mi>
     <mo>&#x2032;</mo>
    </msup>
    
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em'>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mi>f</mi><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
 </mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qCaeaacaGGOaGabmOzayaafaaaleaacaWGJbaabaaaniabgUIiYdGccaGGPaGaeyypa0JaamOzaiabgkHiTiaadAgacaGGOaGaam4yaiaacMcaaaa@41A1@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>&#160;) die Redewendung "Integrieren und Differenzieren heben sich in ihrer Wirkung (nahezu) auf".</p>
 </li> 
 <li>
<p>Nach <a class="ref" href="#3">[8.2.3]</a> ist <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>g</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4zaiaacIcacaWGJbGaaiykaiabg2da9iaaicdaaaa@3AD9@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>. <a class="ref" href="#13">[8.2.13]</a> liefert also zu jedem integrierbaren <i>f</i> die Stammfunktion, die am vorgewählten Punkt <i>c</i> eine Nullstelle hat.</p>
 </li>
 <li>
<p>Nicht jede Stammfunktion kann über den Hauptsatz gewonnen werden. So hat z.B. die Stammfunktion <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msup>
    <mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
    <mn>2</mn>
   </msup>
   <mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamiwamaaCaaaleqabaGaaGOmaaaakiabgUcaRiaaigdaaaa@3959@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> zu <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mn>2</mn><mi mathvariant='normal'>X</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaGOmaiaadIfaaaa@3785@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> keine Nullstelle. Nach der Anmerkung zuvor kann sie daher nicht von <a class="ref" href="#13">[8.2.13]</a> geliefert werden.</p>
 </li> 
</ul><br/>&#160;
<p>In <a class="ref" href="8_1.xml#15" target="_blank">[8.1.15]</a> haben wir gezeigt, dass die Integrierbarkeit mit der gleichmäßigen Konvergenz verträglich ist. Nun erweist sich auch das Integral als kompatibel mit dieser Form der Konvergenz.</p>
<table class="main"><tr><td class="main">

<p><u><b>Bemerkung:</b></u> &#160;<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><msub>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiikaiaadAgadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccaGGPaaaaa@3959@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> sei eine Folge integrierbarer Funktionen auf einem Intervall <i>I</i>. Ist <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>f</mi><mo>:</mo><mi>I</mi><mo>&#x2192;</mo><mi>&#x211D;</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzaiaacQdacaWGjbGaeyOKH4QaeSyhHekaaa@3BC0@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> der gleichmäßige Limes der Folge <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><msub>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiikaiaadAgadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccaGGPaaaaa@3959@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>, also <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   <munder>
    <mo>&#x2192;</mo>
    <mrow>
     <mi>g</mi><mi>m</mi>
    </mrow>
   </munder>
   <mi>f</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOzamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakmaaxababaGaeyOKH4kaleaacaWGNbGaamyBaaqabaGccaWGMbaaaa@3CF6@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>, so gilt für alle <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>a</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><mi>I</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamyyaiaacYcacaWGIbGaeyicI4Saamysaaaa@3AB8@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>:</p>

<table><tr><td class="def">
 <div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mrow>
    <msub>
     <mi>f</mi>
     <mi>n</mi>
    </msub>
    
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  <mo>&#x2192;</mo><mrow><munderover>
   <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
   <mi>a</mi>
   <mi>b</mi>
  </munderover>
  <mi>f</mi>
 </mrow>
 
</mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qCaeaacaWGMbWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaqaaiaadggaaeaacaWGIbaaniabgUIiYdGccqGHsgIRdaWdXbqaaiaadAgaaSqaaiaadggaaeaacaWGIbaaniabgUIiYdaaaa@4336@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> 
 </div></td><td class="num" width="80px">
<span class="num"><a name="14">[8.2.14]</a></span></td></tr></table>

<p class="beweis"><i>Beweis</i>: &#160;Man beachte zunächst, dass <i>f</i> gemäß <a class="ref" href="8_1.xml#15" target="_blank">[8.1.15]</a> integrierbar ist. Ferner ist <a class="ref" href="#14">[8.2.14]</a> trivialerweise gültig falls <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>a</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>b</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamyyaiabg2da9iaadkgaaaa@38BC@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>, so dass wir <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>a</mi><mo>&#x2260;</mo><mi>b</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamyyaiabgcMi5kaadkgaaaa@397D@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> annehmen dürfen. Ist nun <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>&#x03B5;</mi><mo>&#x003E;</mo><mn>0</mn>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeqyTduMaeyOpa4JaaGimaaaa@3952@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> vorgegeben, so gibt es nach Voraussetzung ein <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>n</mi>
    <mn>0</mn>
   </msub>
   <mo>&#x2208;</mo><msup>
    <mi>&#x2115;</mi>
    <mo>&#x2217;</mo>
   </msup>
   
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOBamaaBaaaleaacaaIWaaabeaakiabgIGiolablwriLoaaCaaaleqabaGaey4fIOcaaaaa@3BD8@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> mit</p>
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><msub>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mo>&#x003C;</mo><mfrac>
    <mi>&#x03B5;</mi>
    <mrow>
     <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
    </mrow>
   </mfrac>
   
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiiFaiaadAgadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccaGGOaGaamiEaiaacMcacqGHsislcaWGMbGaaiikaiaadIhacaGGPaGaaiiFaiabgYda8maalaaabaGaeqyTdugabaGaaiiFaiaadkgacqGHsislcaWGHbGaaiiFaaaaaaa@47F6@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>&#160; für alle &#160;<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>n</mi><mo>&#x2265;</mo><msub>
    <mi>n</mi>
    <mn>0</mn>
   </msub>
   
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOBaiabgwMiZkaad6gadaWgaaWcbaGaaGimaaqabaaaaa@3A7B@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> und alle <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>x</mi><mo>&#x2208;</mo><mi>I</mi>
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamiEaiabgIGiolaadMeaaaa@3938@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>.
</div>
<p>Da es nach <a class="ref" href="#8">[8.2.8]</a> zu jedem <i>n</i> ein <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mover accent='true'>
     <mi>x</mi>
     <mo>&#x02DC;</mo>
    </mover>
    
    <mi>n</mi>
   </msub>
   
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGabmiEayaaiaWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaaa@3814@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math> zwischen <i>a</i> und <i>b</i> gibt mit</p>
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mrow>
    <msub>
     <mi>f</mi>
     <mi>n</mi>
    </msub>
    <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>f</mi>
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo lspace='0.1em' rspace='0.1em'>&#x22C5;</mo><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><msub>
   <mi>f</mi>
   <mi>n</mi>
  </msub>
  <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><msub>
   <mover accent='true'>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mo>&#x02DC;</mo>
   </mover>
   
   <mi>n</mi>
  </msub>
  <mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
 </mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa8qCaeaacaWGMbWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaOGaeyOeI0IaamOzaaWcbaGaamyyaaqaaiaadkgaa0Gaey4kIipakiabg2da9iaacIcacaWGIbGaeyOeI0IaamyyaiaacMcacqGHflY1caGGOaGaamOzamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabgkHiTiaadAgacaGGPaGaaiikaiqadIhagaacamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiaacMcaaaa@4E4B@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>
</div>
<p>hat man für alle <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mi>n</mi><mo>&#x2265;</mo><msub>
    <mi>n</mi>
    <mn>0</mn>
   </msub>
   
  </mrow>
 <annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOBaiabgwMiZkaad6gadaWgaaWcbaGaaGimaaqabaaaaa@3A7B@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>:</p>
<div>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mrow><munderover>
    <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
    <mi>a</mi>
    <mi>b</mi>
   </munderover>
   <mrow>
    <msub>
     <mi>f</mi>
     <mi>n</mi>
    </msub>
    
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mrow><munderover>
   <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
   <mi>a</mi>
   <mi>b</mi>
  </munderover>
  <mi>f</mi>
 </mrow>
 <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mrow><munderover>
  <mo stretchy='true'>&#x222B;</mo>
  <mi>a</mi>
  <mi>b</mi>
 </munderover>
 <mrow>
  <msub>
   <mi>f</mi>
   <mi>n</mi>
  </msub>
  <mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>f</mi>
 </mrow>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mo lspace='0.1em' rspace='0.1em'>&#x22C5;</mo><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><msub>
 <mi>f</mi>
 <mi>n</mi>
</msub>
<mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><msub>
 <mover accent='true'>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo>&#x02DC;</mo>
 </mover>
 
 <mi>n</mi>
</msub>
<mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><msub>
 <mover accent='true'>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo>&#x02DC;</mo>
 </mover>
 
 <mi>n</mi>
</msub>
<mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mo>&#x003C;</mo><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mo lspace='0.1em' rspace='0.1em'>&#x22C5;</mo><mfrac>
 <mi>&#x03B5;</mi>
 <mrow>
  <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' rspace='0.2em'>&#x007C;</mo>
 </mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>=</mo><mi>&#x03B5;</mi>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding='MathType-MTEF'>
MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=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@75AA@</annotation>
</semantics></mstyle>
</math>.
</div>
</td></tr></table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-top: 50px; margin-bottom:30px" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%">
  <tr>
    <td><hr noshade="noshade" size="1"/></td>
    <td width="2%" align="right"><img style="margin-left:3pt" src="http://www.mathproject.de/cgi-std/count.pl?c=82;d=tiny"/></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<p>
<table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
  <tr>
    <td width="33%" align="left"><a href="8_1.xml" title="Stammfunktionen">8.1. <img border="0" src="backl.gif" width="7" height="12"/></a></td>
    <td width="33%" align="center">
  <a href="integralrechnung.htm#Teil2"><img width="16" height="16" border="0" src="back1.gif"/></a>
    </td>
    <td width="34%" align="right"><a href="8_3.xml" title="Partielle Integration und Substitutionsregel"><img border="0" src="backr.gif" width="7" height="12"/> 8.3.</a></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</p>
</td></tr>
</table></center><br/><font style="size:2px">&#160;</font>
</body>
</html>

