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  <meta name="author" content="Steffen"/>
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  <meta name="date" content="2000-6-24"/>
  <meta name="keywords" lang="de" content="Bildfolge, Bildfolgen, Originalfolge, Originalfolgen"/>
  <title>mathproject >> 6.1. Bildfolgen</title>
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&#160;+++++&nbsp;

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<p><u><b>Definition:</b></u> &#160;</p>

<table><tr><td class="def">
 <div>
 
 </div></td><td class="num" width="80px">
<span class="num"><a name="1">[6.1.1]</a></span></td></tr></table>

<p class="beweis"><i>Beweis</i>: &#160;<br/>
</p>
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<h1>6.1. <i>Bildfolgen</i></h1>
<hr noshade="noshade" size="1" style="margin-bottom:20px" />

<p>Haben wir im vorangegangenen Kapitel Folgen als eigenständige Objekte betrachtet, so werden wir sie jetzt als Hilfsmittel einsetzen, um Funktionen intensiver studieren zu können.
</p>
<p>Wir werden beobachten, wie auf der <i>x</i>-Achse laufende Folgen durch eine Funktion&#160; <i>f</i>&#160; verändert werden. Dadurch, so hoffen wir, lassen sich Rückschlüsse auf Eigenschaften der Funktion&#160; <i>f</i>&#160; ziehen.
</p>

<table class="main"><tr><td class="main">

<p><u><b>Definition:</b></u> &#160;Ist&#160; <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
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</semantics></math> eine Funktion und <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
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</semantics></math> eine Folge in <i>A</i>, so heißt die Folge</p>

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<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
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<span class="num"><a name="1">[6.1.1]</a></span></td></tr></table>

<p>die <u>Bildfolge</u> von <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
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    <mi>a</mi>
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</semantics></math> bzgl. <i>f</i>.
</p>
</td></tr></table>

<p>Während wir die Originalfolge <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
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   <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><msub>
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</semantics></math> als Folge auf der <i>x</i>-Achse auffassen, sehen wir in der Bildfolge <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.4em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><msub>
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</semantics></math>, deren Folgenglieder ja Funktionswerte von&#160; <i>f</i> sind, eine Folge auf der <i>y</i>-Achse.
</p>

<table class="main"><tr><td class="main">

<p><u><b>Beispiel:</b></u> &#160;Wir ermitteln einige Bildfolgen für die Quadratfunktion, für die <span class="inf" onmouseover="if(active0==0){position('tip0','tab0',event.clientX,event.clientY); document.getElementById('tip0').className='tooltip_v'};active0=1">
Heavisidefunktion H<img class="inf" style="margin-left:3px; margin-right:3px" src="../info.gif" width="10" height="10"/></span>
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<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <mstyle displaystyle='true'><semantics>
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 und für die Kehrwertfunktion.</p>
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<p><math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
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<li>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
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</semantics></math> hat die Bildfolge <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
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   <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.4em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><msup>
    <mrow>
     <mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>&#x2212;</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo>
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    <mn>2</mn>
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   <mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo>
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</semantics></math>.
</li><br/>&#160;
<li>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><msup>
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</semantics></math> hat die Bildfolge <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
 <semantics>
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</semantics></math><br/>&#160;
</li>
<li>
<math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
<mstyle displaystyle='true'>
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</math> hat die Bildfolge <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' display='inline'>
<mstyle displaystyle='true'>
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.4em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mfrac>
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    <mi>n</mi>
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   <mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo stretchy='false' lspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mo stretchy='false' rspace='0.2em' fontweight='bold' fontsize='14pt' fontfamily='Courier'>(</mo><mfrac>
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      <mi>n</mi>
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<p>Die Beispiele zeigen deutlich, dass Eigenschaften der Originalfolgen nicht immer an ihre Bildfolgen weiter gegeben werden: So können etwa aus beschränkten Folgen unbeschränkte werden und auch die Konvergenz wird nicht immer vererbt. Aber auch umgekehrt können Bildfolgen nun Eigenschaften aufweisen, die ursprünglich nicht gegeben waren. 
</p>

<p>Wir können also Funktionen auszeichnen, wenn wir untersuchen, wie "treu" sie sich den einzelnen Folgeneigenschaften gegenüber verhalten
</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-top: 50px; margin-bottom:30px" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%">
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    <td width="2%" align="right"><img style="margin-left:3pt" src="http://www.mathproject.de/cgi-std/count.pl?c=61;d=tiny"/></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<p>
<table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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  <a href="stetigkeit.htm#Teil1"><img width="16" height="16" border="0" src="back1.gif"/></a>
    </td>
    <td width="34%" align="right"><a href="6_2.xml" title="Stetige Funktionen"><img border="0" src="backr.gif" width="7" height="12"/> 6.2.</a></td>
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